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==History== {{Main|History of the Gold Coast, Queensland}} {{For timeline}}The Gold Coast is the ancestral home of a number of Indigenous clans of the Yugambeh people,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|date=26 July 2019|title=E17: Yugambeh|url=https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/e17|access-date=2021-06-01|website=collection.aiatsis.gov.au|language=en|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215204/https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/e17|url-status=live}}</ref> including the [[Kombumerri clan|Kombumerri]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies|date=26 July 2019|title=E77: Nerang Creek|url=https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/e77|access-date=2021-06-01|website=collection.aiatsis.gov.au|language=en|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214711/https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/e77|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mununjali clan|Mununjali]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies |date=26 July 2019 |title=E76: Mananjahli |url=https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/e76 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215132/https://collection.aiatsis.gov.au/austlang/language/e76 |archive-date=2 June 2021 |access-date=2021-06-01 |website=collection.aiatsis.gov.au |language=en}}</ref> and Wangerriburra clans. Europeans arrived in 1823 when explorer [[John Oxley]] explored the Tweed River.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxley's Mermaid |url=https://museum.tweed.nsw.gov.au/explore/people-places/sea-stories/oxleys-mermaid |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=Tweed Regional Museum |language=en-AU}}</ref> The hinterland's timber supply attracted people to the area in the mid-19th century.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2016-02-23 |title=Bullock Teams |url=https://www.goldcoaststories.com.au/bullock-teams/ |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=Gold Coast City Libraries |language=en-AU}}</ref> [[File:Map of the Gold Coast from Coomera Island to Nobby Beach, 1887.jpg|thumb|223x223px|Map of the Gold Coast, 1887|left]] A number of small townships developed along the coast and in the hinterland. The western suburb of [[Nerang]] was surveyed and established as a base for the industry and by 1870 a town reserve had been set aside.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27261085 |title=Government Notifications|newspaper=The Queenslander |volume=V |issue=225 |date=28 May 1870 |access-date=9 May 2016 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> By 1873, the town reserve of [[Burleigh Heads]] had also been surveyed and successful land sales had taken place.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27277719 |title=Country News, by Mail |newspaper=The Queenslander |volume=VIII |issue=398 |date=20 September 1873 |access-date=9 May 2016 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia |archive-date=24 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924030128/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/27277719 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1875, the small settlement opposite the boat passage at the head of the [[Nerang River]], known as Nerang Heads or Nerang Creek Heads, was surveyed and renamed [[Southport, Queensland|Southport]], with the first land sales scheduled to take place in Beenleigh.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27507681 |title=Sixty Years Ago|newspaper=The Queenslander |date=2 May 1935 |access-date=9 May 2016 |page=51 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> [[Southport, Queensland|Southport]] quickly grew a reputation as a secluded holiday destination for wealthy [[Brisbane]] residents.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold Coast History |url=https://www.goldcoastaustralia.com/gold-coast-history.html |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=Gold Coast Australia |language=en}}</ref> [[File:StateLibQld 1 193667 Southport Esplanade looking from the pier, ca.1928.jpg|thumb|Southport Esplanade in 1928]] Post-World War One Era saw the rise of the "seaside shack". The seaside shack provided the opportunity for the coastal "getaway" with modest investment. Β From 1914 to 1946, they popped up all along the South Coast. Seaside shacks were exceedingly cheap and were an early use of the concept of recycling. Many were built of disused or second grade timber, all kinds of materials were used for the holiday seaside shack β including fibro cement, metal containers, and left-over farm sheds; even disused trams were sold off as seaside shacks.<ref>{{SLQ-CC-BY|url=https://www.slq.qld.gov.au/blog/shacks-sheds-and-cottages-queensland-weekenders-early-20th-century|title=Shacks, sheds and cottages: Queensland "Weekenders" in the early 20th century|date=7 October 2022|authors=Christina Ealing-Godbold|access-date=24 January 2023}}</ref> [[File:StateLibQld 1 113720 Surfers Paradise, Gold Coast, ca. 1951.jpg|thumb|Surfers Paradise, 1951]] After the establishment of the [[Surfers Paradise]] Hotel in the late 1920s, the Gold Coast region grew significantly.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219060186|title=Real Estate|date=18 November 1924|newspaper=Daily Mail|access-date=28 January 2018|issue=7091|location=Brisbane|page=16|via=National Library of Australia|archive-date=26 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526061952/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/219060186|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article225641694|title=Another Pioneer Passes|date=12 March 1952|newspaper=South Coast Bulletin|access-date=28 January 2018|issue=1248|location=Queensland, Australia|page=8|via=National Library of Australia|archive-date=26 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526061952/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/225641694|url-status=live}}</ref> The Gold Coast was originally known as the South Coast (because it was south of Brisbane). However, over-inflated prices for real estate and other goods and services led to the nickname of "Gold Coast" from 1950.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article98327622 |title=Beaches Now Not so Golden β Boom for Land Is Ebbing|newspaper=Sunday Mail |location=Brisbane |date=29 October 1950 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article98329309 |title=Talk of the Town |newspaper=Sunday Mail |location=Brisbane |date=24 December 1950 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50239519 |title=DAY by DAY |newspaper=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane |date=28 August 1951 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50221998 |title=DAY by DAY |newspaper=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane |date=22 November 1951 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50235290 |title=Can get it-at a price |newspaper=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane |date=26 December 1951 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> South Coast locals initially considered the name "Gold Coast" derogatory.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guidesify.com/blog/2019/10/16/the-best-of-gold-coast-australia-8-things-to-do-top-attractions/|title=The Best of Gold Coast Australia: 8 Things To Do (Top Attractions)|last=Guidesify|date=16 October 2019|website=Guidesify|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-16|archive-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016132817/https://guidesify.com/blog/2019/10/16/the-best-of-gold-coast-australia-8-things-to-do-top-attractions/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article98349702 |title=Don'ts for South Coast 1951β52 |newspaper=Sunday Mail |location=Brisbane |date=18 November 1951 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> However, soon the "Gold Coast" simply became a convenient way to refer to the holiday strip from Southport to [[Coolangatta]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50243950 |title=DAY by DAY |newspaper=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane |date=14 November 1951 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50243197 |title="Gold Coast" jinks |newspaper=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane |date=29 December 1951 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article98350621 |title=NSW will have own Riviera |newspaper=Sunday Mail |location=Brisbane |date=17 February 1952 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50314104 |title=Day by Day |newspaper=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane |date=18 February 1952 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article98353933 |title=Talk of the Town|newspaper=Sunday Mail |location=Brisbane |date=24 February 1952 |access-date=21 January 2015 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> The Town of South Coast was formed through the amalgamation of [[Town of Coolangatta]] and [[Town of Southport]] along with the coastal areas (such as Burleigh Heads) from the [[Shire of Nerang]] on 17 June 1949,<ref>{{cite QSA Agency|2476|South Coast Town Council|21 January 2015 }}</ref> with the effect of having the present-day Gold Coast coastal strip as a single local government area. As the tourism industry grew into the 1950s, local businesses began to adopt the term ''Gold Coast'' in their names, and on 23 October 1958 the [[Town of South Coast]] was renamed [[Town of Gold Coast]].<ref>{{cite QSA Agency|10379|Gold Coast Town Council|21 January 2015 }}</ref> The area was proclaimed a city, less than one year later on 16 May 1959.<ref>{{Cite QSA Agency|715|Gold Coast City Council|7 April 2025 }}</ref>[[File:Cars on Gold Coast Highway, Surfers Paradise.jpg|right|thumb|225px|Cars on the [[Gold Coast Highway]], in 1961]] The area boomed in the 1980s as a leading tourist destination. In 1994, the [[City of Gold Coast]] [[Local government in Australia|local government area]] was expanded to include the [[Shire of Albert]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goldcoast.qld.gov.au/council/council-history-408.html|title=Council history|website=[[Gold Coast City Council]]|language=en-au|access-date=2020-02-01|archive-date=21 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221034538/https://www.goldcoast.qld.gov.au/council/council-history-408.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2007, the Gold Coast overtook the population of [[Newcastle, New South Wales]], to become the sixth largest city in Australia and the largest non-capital city.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/gold-coast-no-6-city/story-e6freoof-1111114852692|title= Gold Coast sixth largest city|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612032706/http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/gold-coast-no-6-city/story-e6freoof-1111114852692|archive-date=12 June 2012 |first1=John|last1=McCarthy|first2=Greg|last2=Stolz|work=[[The Courier-Mail]]|date=11 November 2007}}</ref> The Gold Coast hosted the [[2018 Commonwealth Games]].<ref name="CWHost">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/15697043|title=Gold Coast chosen to host 2018 Commonwealth Games|date=11 November 2011|access-date=4 April 2018|work=BBC Sport|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804193815/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/15697043|archive-date=4 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
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