Editing Glaucoma (section)

==Epidemiology==
[[File:Glaucoma world map - DALY - WHO2004.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|[[Disability-adjusted life year]] for glaucoma per 100,000&nbsp;inhabitants in 2004<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/gbddeathdalycountryestimates2004.xls |title=Death and DALY estimates for 2004 by cause for WHO Member States |format=xls |work=World Health Organization |year=2004 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127191942/http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/gbddeathdalycountryestimates2004.xls |archive-date=27 January 2012 }}</ref>{{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}
{{legend|#b3b3b3|no data}}
{{legend|#ffff65|fewer than 20}}
{{legend|#fff200|20–43}}
{{legend|#ffdc00|43–66}}
{{legend|#ffc600|66–89}}
{{legend|#ffb000|89–112}}
{{legend|#ff9a00|112–135}}
{{legend|#ff8400|135–158}}
{{legend|#ff6e00|158–181}}
{{legend|#ff5800|181–204}}
{{legend|#ff4200|204–227}}
{{legend|#ff2c00|227–250}}
{{legend|#cb0000|more than 250}}
{{div col end}}]]

In 2013 for the population aged 40-80 years, the global prevalence of glaucoma was estimated at 3.54%, thus affecting 64.3 million worldwide.<ref name="pmid24974815" /> The same year, 2.97 million people in North America had open-angle glaucoma. By 2040, the prevalence of all types of glaucoma was projected to increase to 111.82 million worldwide and to 4.72 million in North America.<ref name="pmid24974815">{{cite journal| last1=Tham |first1=YC |last2=Li |first2=X |last3=Wong |first3=TY|last4=Quigley |first4=HA|last5=Aung |first5=T|last6=Cheng |first6=CY| title=Global prevalence of glaucoma and projections of glaucoma burden through 2040: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 2014 | volume= 121 | issue= 11 | pages= 2081–90 | pmid=24974815 | doi=10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.05.013 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24974815  }}</ref>

Globally, glaucoma is the second-leading [[Visual_impairment#Cause|cause of blindness]],<ref name=Man2015/> while [[cataract]]s are a more common cause. In the United States, glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness for African Americans, who have higher rates of primary open-angle glaucoma,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sommer A, Tielsch JM, Katz J, Quigley HA, Gottsch JD, Javitt JC, Martone JF, Royall RM, Witt KA, Ezrine S | display-authors = 6 | title = Racial differences in the cause-specific prevalence of blindness in east Baltimore | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 325 | issue = 20 | pages = 1412–1417 | date = November 1991 | pmid = 1922252 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM199111143252004 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nei.nih.gov/NEWS/statements/marij.asp |publisher=National Eye Institute |title=Glaucoma and Marijuana use |date=21 June 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227110548/http://www.nei.nih.gov/NEWS/statements/marij.asp |archive-date=27 December 2009 }}</ref> and Hispanic Americans.<ref name="Ou"/><ref name="AAO 2010"/> Bilateral vision loss can negatively affect mobility and interfere with driving.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ramulu P | title = Glaucoma and disability: which tasks are affected, and at what stage of disease? | journal = Current Opinion in Ophthalmology | volume = 20 | issue = 2 | pages = 92–98 | date = March 2009 | pmid = 19240541 | pmc = 2692230 | doi = 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32832401a9 }}</ref>

A [[meta-analysis]] published in 2009 found that people with primary open-angle glaucoma do not have increased [[mortality rate]]s, or increased risk of cardiovascular death.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Akbari M, Akbari S, Pasquale LR | title = The association of primary open-angle glaucoma with mortality: a meta-analysis of observational studies | journal = Archives of Ophthalmology | volume = 127 | issue = 2 | pages = 204–210 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19204241 | doi = 10.1001/archophthalmol.2008.571 | doi-access =  }}</ref>

A 2024 ''JAMA Ophthalmology'' article reports that in 2022, an estimated 4.22 million people in the U.S. had glaucoma, with 1.49 million experiencing vision impairment due to the condition, according to a meta-analysis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ehrlich |first1=Joshua R. |last2=Burke-Conte |first2=Zeb |last3=Wittenborn |first3=John S. |last4=Saaddine |first4=Jinan |last5=Omura |first5=John D. |last6=Friedman |first6=David S. |last7=Flaxman |first7=Abraham D. |last8=Rein |first8=David B. |date=2024-10-17 |title=Prevalence of Glaucoma Among US Adults in 2022 |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/2824476 |journal=JAMA Ophthalmology |volume=142 |issue=11 |pages=1046–1053 |language=en |doi=10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3884 |pmid=39418040 |pmc=11581589 |pmc-embargo-date=October 17, 2025 |issn=2168-6165}}</ref> The study found that Black adults were about twice as likely to be affected by glaucoma as White adults. Glaucoma prevalence was 1.62% among individuals aged 18 and older and 2.56% among those aged 40 and older, while vision-affecting glaucoma occurred in 0.57% and 0.91% of these age groups, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-10 |title=Glaucoma Facts And Stats - Glaucoma Research Foundation |url=https://glaucoma.org/articles/glaucoma-facts-and-stats?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwjsi4BhB5EiwAFAL0YEML0dCrFgRQY2tn9oTD3eNw_yyBoS70ddNfzH5ZyNcrgg41PNyHhBoCi6cQAvD_BwE |access-date=2024-10-18 |language=en-US}}</ref>