Editing Ginkgoales (section)

== Evolution ==
Ginkgophyta and [[Cycad]]ophyta have a very ancient divergence dating to the early [[Carboniferous]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Stull|first1=Gregory W.|last2=Qu|first2=Xiao-Jian|last3=Parins-Fukuchi|first3=Caroline|last4=Yang|first4=Ying-Ying|last5=Yang|first5=Jun-Bo|last6=Yang|first6=Zhi-Yun|last7=Hu|first7=Yi|last8=Ma|first8=Hong|last9=Soltis|first9=Pamela S.|last10=Soltis|first10=Douglas E.|last11=Li|first11=De-Zhu|date=19 July 2021|title=Gene duplications and phylogenomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic evolution in gymnosperms|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-021-00964-4|journal=Nature Plants|language=en|volume=7|issue=8|pages=1015–1025|doi=10.1038/s41477-021-00964-4|pmid=34282286 |s2cid=236141481 |issn=2055-0278}}</ref> The earliest representative of the group in the fossil record is probably ''[[Trichopitys]]'' from the [[Asselian]] (299-293 million years ago) of France. The earliest representatives of ''[[Ginkgo]]'', represented by reproductive organs similar to the living species, first appear in the Middle Jurassic, alongside other, related forms such as ''[[Yimaia]]'' and ''[[Karkenia]]'', which have differently arranged reproductive structures and seeds associated with ''Ginkgo''-like leaves.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Zhou|first=Zhi-Yan|date=March 2009|title=An overview of fossil Ginkgoales|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871174X0900002X|journal=Palaeoworld|language=en|volume=18|issue=1|pages=1–22|doi=10.1016/j.palwor.2009.01.001}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Paleobotany, Second Edition: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants|last1=Taylor|first1=Thomas N.|last2=Taylor|first2=Edith L.|last3=Krings|first3=Michael|date=29 December 2008|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=9780123739728|edition=2nd|language=en}}</ref> The diversity of Ginkgoales declined during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic, coincident with the rise of flowering plants, with all Ginkgophytes aside from ''Ginkgo'' being extinct by the end of the Cretaceous.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|url=http://accessscience.com/content/289700|title=Ginkgoales|last=Beck|first=Charles|date=2014|website=Access Science|doi=10.1036/1097-8542.289700 |access-date=13 April 2017}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The only remaining Ginkgophyte was ''Ginkgo adiantoides'' – a polymorphic species.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/seedplants/ginkgoales/ginkgo.html|title=Introduction to the Ginkgoales|author=Jalalpour, Julie|author2=Malkin, Matt|author3=Poon, Peter|author4=Rehrmann, Liz|author5=Yu, Jerry|date=1997|website=www.ucmp.berkeley.edu|access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref> Modern ''Ginkgo'' trees are native to China.<ref name=":1" />