Editing Giddings, Texas (section)

==History==

The land where the city of Giddings now stands was part of the land granted to [[Stephen F. Austin]] in 1821 for a colony in [[Spanish Texas]], and later became part of the [[Robertson Colony]].<ref name="Handbook">"[https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hgg02 Giddings, TX]." ''[[Handbook of Texas]]''. Retrieved on August 21, 2010.</ref>

[[File:Lee county texas courthouse 2014.jpg|thumb|left|The Lee County Courthouse in Giddings (built 1899)]]
[[File:PumpJack.jpg|alt=|thumb|Giddings Area Pumpjack]]
The city itself was founded in 1871 when the [[Houston and Texas Central Railway]] came to the area. It probably took its name from local magnate Jabez Deming Giddings, who was instrumental in bringing the railway to the area. He had come to the area from [[Pennsylvania]] in 1838 to claim the land bounty of his brother Giles A. Giddings, killed at the [[Battle of San Jacinto]]. Another theory is that the city was named after Jabez's brother [[Dewitt Clinton Giddings]].

Early settlers in the new town were mostly pioneers from the surrounding communities, such as Old Evergreen and Shady Grove. The majority of these people were ethnically British Isles natives, but a sizable minority were [[Wends|Wendish]] families from the [[Serbin, Texas|Serbin]] area. They would later establish the German-language newspaper ''[[Giddings Deutsches Volksblatt|Deutsches Volksblatt]]''.

A syndicate headed by [[William Marsh Rice]] owned the whole townsite and sold property to settlers. Later, Rice Institute (now [[Rice University]]) in [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] had control and sold the lots.

Wide streets were a distinguishing characteristic of the town; the two main thoroughfares (Main and Austin Streets) were 100 feet (30 m) wide, and other streets were 80 feet (24 m) wide. The town's first church, established in 1871, was Methodist. J. D. Giddings Masonic Lodge, chartered in Evergreen in 1865, moved to Giddings, and early churches and a public school met in its building. Soon after the Civil War, freed slaves from farms and plantations settled in Giddings. Classes for more than 50 black students were held in a church in 1883, and the first black public school was built in 1887.

Giddings became the county seat when Lee County was established in 1874. Early businesses included the Granger store, a blacksmith shop and saloon, a millinery shop, a saddle and harness shop, and an oil mill. Brick buildings came in 1875. The courthouse built in 1878 burned and was replaced in 1899. Fletcher House, built in 1879 by August W. Schubert, was sold to the Missouri Synod of the Immanuel Lutheran Church in 1894 to house Concordia Lutheran College. By 1890, the town was part of a rich cotton-growing area with access to the [[San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway]], several gins, an opera house, newspapers, and a population estimated at 1,000. The [[First National Bank (Giddings, Texas)|First National Bank]] was opened in 1890 and was still in operation more than a century later. The town was incorporated in 1913 and had a population of 2,000 by 1914.

In the early 1980s, the oil-laden Austin chalk that underlies the town was tapped, and the area experienced an oil boom. Some 300 oil-related businesses located in the town, and many oil rigs were operating in outlying areas. In the late 1980s, however, the oil activities decreased almost to a standstill. The population of Giddings in 1988 was 5,178. In 1990, local businesses included a hospital, a medical clinic, a dialysis clinic, a chiropractic clinic, two nursing homes, a library, motels, restaurants, two newspapers, a peanut mill, Invader Boat Manufacturing Company, and Nutrena-Cargill Mills. Nineteen churches were in the city.