Editing Geordie (section)

==History==
Like all English dialects, the Geordie dialect traces back to the [[Old English]] spoken by [[Anglo-Saxon]] settlers, initially employed by the ancient [[Brythons]] who fought [[Pict]]ish invaders after the end of [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] rule in [[Roman Britain|Britain]] in the 5th century.<ref name=ene /> The [[Angles (tribe)|Angles]], [[Saxons]], and [[Jutes]] who arrived became ascendant politically and culturally over the native British through subsequent migration from tribal homelands along the [[North Sea]] coast of mainland Europe. The Anglo-Saxon kingdoms that emerged in the [[Dark Ages (historiography)|Dark Ages]] spoke largely mutually intelligible varieties of what is now called Old English, each varying somewhat in [[phonology]], [[Morphology (linguistics)|morphology]], [[syntax]], and [[Lexicography|lexicon]]. In [[Northern England]] and the [[Scottish borders]], then dominated by the kingdom of [[Northumbria]], there developed a distinct [[Northumbrian Old English]] dialect, which preceded modern Geordie. The [[linguistic conservatism]] of Geordie means that poems by the Anglo-Saxon scholar the [[Venerable Bede]] can be translated more successfully into Geordie than into standard modern English.<ref name="VenBede">{{cite web|last=Simpson|first=David|title=Venerable Bede|quote=Bede's Latin poems seem to translate more successfully into Geordie than into modern day English!|year=2009|url=http://www.englandsnortheast.co.uk/GeordieOrigins.html|access-date =6 August 2010}}</ref> 

The [[British Library]] points out that the Norse, who primarily lived south of the [[River Tees]], affected the language in Yorkshire but not in regions to the north. This source adds that "the border skirmishes that broke out sporadically during the Middle Ages meant the River Tweed established itself as a significant northern barrier against Scottish influence". Today, many who speak the Geordie dialect use words such as ''gan'' ('go' – modern Dutch {{lang|nl|gaan}}) and ''bairn'' ('child' – modern Danish {{lang|da|barn}}), which "can still trace their roots right back to the Angles".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bl.uk/british-accents-and-dialects/articles/geordie-a-regional-dialect-of-english |title=Geordie: A regional dialect of English |access-date=13 November 2019 |archive-date=5 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505185130/https://www.bl.uk/british-accents-and-dialects/articles/geordie-a-regional-dialect-of-english |url-status=dead }}</ref>