Editing Gavrilo Princip (section)

== Early life ==
Gavrilo Princip was born on {{OldStyleDate|25 July|1894|13 July}},{{sfn|Wilson|2016|p=604}}<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gavrilo-Princip "Gavrilo Princip – Slavic nationalist"], ''Britannica''.</ref> in the remote hamlet of [[Obljaj]], near [[Bosansko Grahovo]], in western [[Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]].{{sfn|Butcher|2015|p=24}} At the time of his birth, Bosnia was administered by [[Austria-Hungary]], while still formally a province of the [[Ottoman Empire]].{{sfn|Meaker|2015|p=11}} He was the second of his parents' nine children, six of whom died in infancy. Princip's mother Marija wanted to name him after her late brother, Špiro, but he was named Gavrilo at the insistence of a local [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] priest, who claimed that naming the sickly infant after the [[Archangel Gabriel]] would help him survive.{{sfn|Dedijer|1966|pp=187–188}}
[[File:Born House of Gavrilo Princip in Obljaj, BiH 6.jpg|thumb|right|Princip family home in Obljaj]][[File:Gavrilo Princip's parents.jpg|thumb|Gavrilo Princip's parents, Marija and Petar Princip {{circa|1927}}]]
A [[Serb]] family, the Princips had lived in northwestern Bosnia for many centuries.{{sfn|Fromkin|2007|pp=121–122}} Their ancestors came from [[Grahovo, Nikšić]] in [[Montenegro]], emigrating in the early 1700s, they belonged to the Jovićević [[Tribes of Montenegro|clan]],{{Sfn|Roberts|2007|p=302|ps="Princip's Family, members of the Jovičević clan, were originally from the rocky region of Grahovo in Montenegro, migrating to the Herzegovinian side of the border at the beginning of the eighteenth century."}} and adhered to the [[Serbian Orthodox Christian]] faith.{{sfn|Roider|2005|p=935}} Princip's parents, Petar and Marija (née Mićić), were poor farmers who lived off the meager land they owned.{{sfn|Fabijančić|2010|p=xxii}} They were part of a class of Christian peasants known to the Ottomans as ''[[wikt:kmet|kmetovi]]'' ([[serfs]]), and were often oppressed by their Muslim landlords.{{sfn|Schlesser|2005|p=93}} Petar, who insisted on "strict correctness", never drank or swore and was mocked by his neighbours as a result.{{sfn|Fabijančić|2010|p=xxii}} In his youth, he fought in the [[Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77)|Herzegovina Uprising]] against the [[Ottoman Empire]].{{sfn|Kidner|Bucur|Mathisen|McKee|2013|p=756}} After the revolt, he resumed farming in the Grahovo valley, cultivating around {{convert|4|acre|ha sqmi}} of land and was [[Timar|forced to give a third of his income]] to his landlord. To supplement his income and sustain his family, he resorted to transporting mail and passengers across the mountains connecting northwestern [[Bosnia (region)|Bosnia]] and [[Dalmatia]].{{sfn|Schlesser|2005|p=95}}

Despite his father's initial objections, as he needed a shepherd to tend his sheep, Princip commenced  primary school in 1903, at the age of nine. Despite facing challenges in his first year, he excelled in his studies, eventually receiving a collection of Serbian epic poetry from his headmaster in recognition of his academic success.{{sfn|Kidner|Bucur|Mathisen|McKee|2013|p=756}} At thirteen, Princip moved to [[Sarajevo]], where his elder brother Jovan initially intended to enroll him at Sarajevo's Austro-Hungarian Military Academy.{{sfn|Kidner|Bucur|Mathisen|McKee|2013|p=756}} By the time Princip reached Sarajevo, Jovan had changed his mind following advice from a shopkeeper, who cautioned against sending his younger brother to become "an executioner of his own people." Instead, Princip was admitted to the Merchants' School, with Jovan financing his education through earnings from manual labor, such as transporting logs from the surrounding forests to mills in the city.{{sfn|Roider|2005|p=936}}{{sfn|Schlesser|2005|p=96}} After three years, Princip transferred to [[secondary school]], the Sarajevo [[Gymnasium (school)|Gymnasium]].{{sfn|Roider|2005|p=936}}