Editing Gamaliel Bailey (section)

==Biography==
Born and raised in [[Mount Holly, New Jersey|Mount Holly Township, New Jersey]], in 1807, Bailey moved with his family to [[Philadelphia]] at the age of nine.{{sfn|Folsom|Ogden|1921|page=321}} He was educated at home and in local schools.

Bailey graduated from the [[Thomas Jefferson University#Jefferson Medical College|Jefferson Medical College]], [[Philadelphia]], in 1827. He moved to [[Baltimore]], where he served as editor of the ''Methodist Protestant'', a religious journal.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

In 1831, Bailey moved to [[Cincinnati]], where he set up a medical practice. He also lectured on [[physiology]] at the [[Lane Theological Seminary]]. Attending the [[Lane Debates on Slavery]] in February 1834 between pro- and anti-slavery students, he became an ardent abolitionist. The anti-slavery students withdrew from the seminary in protest for its condemnation of [[abolitionism in the United States|abolitionism]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

In 1836, Bailey joined [[James G. Birney]] in the editorial control of ''[[The Philanthropist (Cincinnati, Ohio)|The Philanthropist]]'', the official newspaper of the [[Ohio Anti-Slavery Society]]. The following year he succeeded Birney as editor. He directed the paper in publishing anti-slavery articles until 1847, in spite of threats and acts of violence — the printing office of ''The Philanthropist'' was wrecked three times by pro-slavery mobs.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

Beginning in 1843, Bailey also edited a daily paper, the ''Herald.'' In 1847, he assumed control of the new abolitionist publication, ''[[The National Era]],'' in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Gamaliel_Bailey|title=Gamaliel Bailey - Ohio History Central|website=www.ohiohistorycentral.org|language=en|access-date=2017-10-13}}</ref> His offices were attacked by pro-slavery mobs; in 1848, he and his printers were under siege for three days as a mob held them hostage. This paper had a considerable circulation nationally. In 1851–1852, it published [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]]'s novel, ''[[Uncle Tom's Cabin]],'' in serial form.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

In December 1854, Bailey helped to persuade [[Montgomery Blair]] to represent Dred Scott in his Supreme Court case ''[[pro bono]]'', by agreeing to underwrite his expenses.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Ehrlich|first=Walter|title=They Have No Rights: Dred Scott's Struggle for Freedom|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=1979|isbn=0313208190|location=Westport, Connecticut|pages=91,177}}</ref> By May 11, 1857, the Scott case had incurred $63.18 in court costs and $91.50 for the printing of briefs.<ref name=":0" /> Bailey asked the 75 Republican members of Congress to contribute $2.00 each and covered the rest himself.<ref name=":0" />

In 1859, Bailey died at the age of 51 at sea, aboard the steamship ''Arago'', while en route to Europe.{{sfn|Folsom|Ogden|1921|page=322}} His body was originally buried in [[Congressional Cemetery]] in Washington, D.C. His wife, [[Margaret Lucy Shands Bailey]],<ref name="Coggeshall1860">{{cite book |last1=Coggeshall |first1=William Turner |title=The Poets and Poetry of the West: With Biographical and Critical Notices |date=1860 |publisher=Follett, Foster |isbn=978-0-608-43014-0 |edition=Public domain |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c4ssJ5obTk8C&pg=PA281 |page=281 |access-date=22 August 2021 |language=en |chapter=Margaret L. Bailey}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> died in 1888 and was buried at [[Oak Hill Cemetery (Washington, D.C.)|Oak Hill Cemetery]], across the city. Bailey's son, Marcellus, had his father's remains disinterred and reburied in an unmarked grave next to Margaret.