Editing Fula people (section)

== Names ==

=== Ethnonyms ===
There are many names (and spellings of the names) used in other languages to refer to the ''Fulɓe''. ''Fulani'' in English is borrowed from the [[Hausa language|Hausa]] term.<ref>The [[homonym]] ''Fulani'' is also used by the Manding peoples, being the diminutive form of the word ''Fula'' in their language (with suffix ''-ni''), essentially meaning 'little Fula'.</ref> ''Fula'', from the [[Manding languages]], is also used in English, and sometimes spelled ''Fulah'' or ''Fullah''. Fula and Fulani are commonly used in English, including within Africa. The French borrowed the [[Wolof language|Wolof]] term ''Pël'', which is variously spelled: ''Peul'', ''Peulh'', and even ''Peuhl''. More recently the [[Fula language|Fulfulde / Pulaar]] term ''Fulɓe'', which is a plural noun (singular, ''Pullo'') has been [[Anglicised]] as ''Fulbe'',<ref>The letter ''[[ɓ]]'' is an implosive ''b'' sound, which does not exist in English, so is replaced by ''b''. In the [[orthography for languages of Guinea (pre-1985)]], this sound was represented by ''[[Bh (digraph)|bh]]'', so one would have written ''Fulbhe'' instead of ''Fulɓe''.</ref> which is gaining popularity in use. In Portuguese, the terms Fula or Futafula are used. The terms ''Fallata'', ''Fallatah'', or ''Fellata'' are of [[Arabic language|Arabic]] origins, and are often the ethnonyms by which Fulani people are identified by in parts of Chad and Sudan.

The [[Toucouleur people]] of the central [[Senegal River]] valley speak [[Fula language|Fulfulde / Pulaar]] and refer to themselves as ''Haalpulaaren'', or those who speak Pulaar. The supposed distinction between them was invented by French ethnographers in the 19th century who differentiated between supposedly sedentary, agricultural, fanatical, and anti-European Toucouleurs on one hand and nomadic, pastoralist, docile and cooperative ''Peulhs'' on the other, but the dichotomy is false.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Clark |first1=Andrew F. |title=The Fulbe of Bundu (Senegambia): From Theocracy to Secularization |journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies |date=1996 |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=1–23 |doi=10.2307/221416|jstor=221416 }}</ref>

=== Surnames ===

==== Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Senegal ====
Common Fulani family names in [[Guinea]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Liberia]], [[Gambia]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], and Southern [[Senegal]] are: Diallo (French speaking regions), Jallow or Jalloh (English speaking regions), Djalo (Cap Verde and Guinea-Bissau), Sow, Barry, Bah or Ba, Baldé, and Diouldé.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-07-06 |title=Fulani: A brief walk into the origin and lifestyle of this beautiful people |url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/fulani-a-brief-walk-into-the-origin-and-lifestyle-of-this-beautiful-people/b3nnj6q |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=Pulse Nigeria}}</ref> Other Fulani (Toucouleur) family names in Guinea and northern Senegal are: Tall, Sall, Diengue, Sy, Anne, Ly, Wann, Dia and others.

==== Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon ====
Although most Fulbe of [[Nigeria]], [[Niger]] and [[Cameroon]] use their father's given name as surnames, there are some common Fulani last names such as Bello (likely from the [[Fulfulde]] word ''Ballo'' meaning “helper or assistant”, this name is spread across several ethnic groups in Nigeria),<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Saeed |first=Asma’u G. |date=2017 |title=The Mahdiyya in Adamawa Emirate : the poem on the battle of Danki (1892) by Shaykh Hayāt b. Sa'īd |url=https://unisapressjournals.co.za/index.php/JIS/article/view/13999 |journal=Journal for Islamic Studies |language=en |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=61 |issn=2957-9163}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-12 |title=Hello Bello: How 'Bello' became Nigeria's most ecumenical name - Daily Trust |url=https://dailytrust.com/hello-bello-how-bello-became-nigerias-most-ecumenical-name/ |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=dailytrust.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Tukur (from [[Takrur]]), Gidado, Barkindo, Jallo, Ahidjo and Dikko.

==== Mali, Burkina Faso ====
In [[Mali]], the most common Fulani family names are Diallo, Diakité, Dia, Sow, Sidibé, Sangaré, Bah, Dicko, Tall, etc. These names can be found among the Fulani populations of the following Malian regions and areas of [[Mopti]], [[Macina, Mali|Macina]], [[Nioro Cercle|Nioro]], [[Kidal region|Kidal]], [[Timbuktu|Tomboctou]], [[Gao]], [[Sikasso]], and others.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hampaté Bah |first1=Ahmadou |title=Des Foulbé du Mali et de leur Culture |journal=Abbia: Revue culturelle Camerounaise |date=1996 |pages=23–54 |url=https://www.vestiges-journal.info/Abbia/Abbia_14-15_1966/Abbiav14-15n3.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Les communautés peules au Mali |url=https://africansecuritynetwork.org/assn/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/les-communaut%C3%A9s-peules-au-Mali-2.pdf |website=African Security Network |publisher=Analyse sociétale africaine/African societal Analysis (ASA)}}</ref> These names are also found among the Fula population of [[Burkina Faso]], along with other names like Barry and Sankara (derived from Sangaré).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Diallo |first1=Youssouf |title=Barani: une chefferie satellite des grands États du XIXe siècle (Barani, a Chiefdom in the Orbit of Major 19th-Century State Formations) |journal=Cahiers d'Études Africaines |date=1994 |volume=34 |issue=133/135 |pages=359–384 |doi=10.3406/cea.1994.2056 |jstor=4392526 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4392526 |issn=0008-0055}}</ref> 

Bocoum, Niangadou, Bassoum, Daff, Djigué, and Lah are some family names that can be found among the Diawambe/Jawambe (Singular: Dianwando/Jawando and Diokoramé/Jokorameh in [[Bambara language|Bambara]]) of Mali.<ref name=":4" /> The Jawambe are a sub-group of Fulanis in Mali who are primarily known for trading.<ref name=":4">{{cite journal |last1=Pageard |first1=Robert |title=Note sur les Diawambé ou Diokoramé |journal=Journal des Africanistes |date=1959 |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=239–260 |doi=10.3406/jafr.1959.1907 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/jafr_0037-9166_1959_num_29_2_1907}}</ref> 

In some parts of Mali, like Mopti, apart from the common Fula surnames like those previously mentioned, you will find surnames like Cissé and Touré. Though these names are commonly associated with the [[Mandé peoples|Manding]] tribes, some in Mali have adopted the Fula culture and language through centuries of coexistence, and thus now consider themselves as part of the Fula ethnic group. A notable example of this is [[Amadou Toumani Touré]], the former president of Mali.