Editing Franz Brentano (section)

==Life==
Brentano was born at {{Interlanguage link|Marienberg am Rhein|de}}, near [[Boppard]]. He was son of [[Christian Brentano]], brother of [[Lujo Brentano]], and paternal nephew of [[Clemens Brentano]] and [[Bettina von Arnim]], and of [[Gunda Brentano|Gunda]] (née Brentano) and [[Friedrich Carl von Savigny|Friedrich von Savigny]]. His paternal grandfather was of [[Italy|Italian]] descent, and some of his ancestors are [[Sophie von La Roche]] and [[Johann Philipp Stadion, Count von Warthausen]].

He studied [[philosophy]] at the universities of [[University of Munich|Munich]], [[University of Würzburg|Würzburg]], [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin]] (with [[Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg|Adolf Trendelenburg]]) and [[University of Münster|Münster]]. He had a special interest in [[Aristotle]] and [[scholastic philosophy]]. He wrote his dissertation in 1862 at [[University of Tübingen|Tübingen]] under the title ''Von der mannigfachen Bedeutung des Seienden nach Aristoteles'' (''On the Several Senses of Being in Aristotle''). His thesis advisor was [[Franz Jakob Clemens]].<ref>{{MathGenealogy|id=15176}}</ref> Subsequently, he began to study [[theology]] and entered the seminary in Munich and then Würzburg. He was ordained a Catholic priest on 6 August 1864.

In 1866 he defended his [[habilitation thesis]], ''Die Psychologie des Aristoteles, insbesondere seine Lehre vom Nous Poietikos'' (''The Psychology of Aristotle, in Particular His Doctrine of the Active Intellect'', published 1867), and began to lecture at the [[University of Würzburg]]. His students in this period included, among others, [[Carl Stumpf]] and [[Anton Marty]]. Between 1870 and 1873, Brentano was heavily involved in the debate on [[papal infallibility]] in matters of Faith. A strong opponent of such [[dogma]], he eventually gave up his priesthood and his tenure in 1873. He remained, however, deeply religious<ref>Boltzmann, Ludwig. 1995. ''Ludwig Boltzmann: His Later Life and Philosophy, 1900-1906: Book Two: The Philosopher''. Springer Science & Business Media, p. 3</ref> and dealt with the topic of the existence of God in lectures given at the Universities of Würzburg and Vienna.<ref>Brentano, F. C. 1987. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=SB0fgBKZ9KcC On the Existence of God: Lectures Given at the Universities of Würzburg and Vienna (1868-1891)]''. Springer Science & Business Media,</ref>

In 1874 Brentano published his major work, ''[[Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint]]''. From 1874 to 1895 he taught at the [[University of Vienna]], [[Austria-Hungary]]. Among his students were [[Edmund Husserl]], [[Sigmund Freud]], [[Tomáš Masaryk]], [[Rudolf Steiner]], [[Alexius Meinong]], [[Carl Stumpf]], [[Anton Marty]], [[Kazimierz Twardowski]], and [[Christian von Ehrenfels]] and many others (see [[School of Brentano]] for more details). While he began his career as a full ordinary professor, he was forced to give up both his Austrian citizenship and his professorship in 1880 in order to marry Ida Lieben (Austro-Hungarian law denied matrimony to persons who had been ordained priests even if they later had resigned from priesthood), but he was permitted to stay at the university only as a ''[[Privatdozent]]''. After the departure of Twardowski back to Lwów and the death of his wife in 1894, Brentano retired and moved to [[Florence]] in 1896, where he married his second wife, Emilie Ruprecht, in 1897. He transferred to [[Zürich]] at the outbreak of the [[World War I|First World War]], where he died in 1917.