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Francis Maitland Balfour
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== Life == He was the son of [[James Maitland Balfour]] and Lady Blanche Gascoyne-Cecil. His father was a Scottish MP, as was his grandfather [[James Balfour (died 1845)|James]]; his mother, a member of the [[Marquess of Salisbury|Cecil family]] descended from [[Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury]], was the daughter of the [[2nd Marquess of Salisbury]] and a sister of the [[Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury|3rd Marquess]], the future prime minister. The younger brother of politician [[Arthur Balfour]] (Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, 1902-1905), he was born at [[Edinburgh]] in [[Scotland]]. He attended [[Harrow School]], where he tied with [[Arthur Evans]], the future archaeologist of [[Knossos]], for the Natural History Prize.<ref>{{cite book|title=Old Harrow days|first=James George Cotton|last=Minchin|publisher=Methuen Co|location=London|year=1898|page=[https://archive.org/details/oldharrowdays01mincgoog/page/n223 205]|isbn=1-117-38991-X | url=https://archive.org/details/oldharrowdays01mincgoog}}</ref> George Griffith, a teacher at Harrow, encouraged and aided him in the pursuit of natural science, a taste for which, especially [[geology]], he had acquired from his mother. Entering [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], in 1870, he was elected a natural science scholar of his college in the following year, and obtained second place in the Natural Science [[Tripos]] of December 1873.<ref>{{acad|id=BLFR870FM|name=Balfour, Francis Maitland}}</ref> In 1873 and 185 he tramped over [[Lapland (Finland)|Lapland]], [[Finland]], and [[Sweden]] with [[Arthur Evans]], who was a close friend from [[Harrow School]].<ref name = AJobit/> He was a member of the [[Alpine Club (UK)|Alpine club]] and had climbed in the Alps with his brother [[Gerald Balfour, 2nd Earl of Balfour|Gerald]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Attempt on the Aiguille des Cbarmoz | journal =Alpine Journal| date= 1882 | issn= 0065-6569 |volume =#10 | pages=397-400 | access-date =9 April 2025 |url = https://www.alpinejournal.org.uk/Contents/Contents_1882_files/AJ%201882%20Vol%2010%20397-400%20Balfour%20Charmoz.pdf}}</ref>
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