Editing Francesco Zuccarelli (section)

==Rome and Tuscany (1702&ndash;32)==
The third-youngest of four sons, Giacomo Francesco Zuccarelli was born at [[Pitigliano]], in southern [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany|Tuscany]], on 15 August 1702.  His prosperous father Bartolomeo owned several local vineyards, and also in the northwest not far from [[Pisa]], a shop offering kitchen tools and spices.{{sfn|Spadotto|2007|p=9}} Around the age of eleven or twelve, Zuccarelli began his apprenticeship in [[Rome]] with the portrait painters [[Giovanni Maria Morandi]] (1622&ndash;1717) and his pupil [[Pietro Nelli]] (1672&ndash;1740), under whose tutelage he learned the elements of design while absorbing the lessons of Roman classicism.{{sfnm|1a1=Tassi|1y=1793|1p=86|2a1=Spadotto|2y=2007|2p=10}} Zuccarelli completed his first commission in his hometown of Pitigliano in the years 1725&ndash;27, a pair of chapel altarpieces. With the sponsorship of the Florentine art connoisseur, [[Niccolò Gabburri]] (1676–1742), from 1728 to 1731 he devoted his energies mostly to etching, eventually producing at least 43 prints, the majority consisting of two series which recorded the deteriorating frescoes of [[Giovanni da San Giovanni]] (1592&ndash;1636) and [[Andrea del Sarto]] (1486&ndash;1531).{{sfn|Massar|1998|pp=247–263}} During his five years spent in Florence, though preoccupied with figurative subjects, he began to experiment with drawings in the landscape, as shown by works now preserved in the department of prints and drawings at the [[Uffizi]], including a view of the Tuscan capital.{{sfn|Spadotto|2007|p=11}} According to [[Luigi Lanzi]], writing in the 1790s, the Roman landscape painter and etcher [[Paolo Anesi]] (1697&ndash;1773) was the key mentor of Zuccarelli in the genre which eventually led to his renown.{{efn-ua|Olivier cites Lanzi as the source which states Zuccarelli followed Anesi's lead in painting landscapes, but Olivier notes a certain hesitation in wording when comparing Lanzi's 1792 and 1795 editions.{{sfnm|1a1=Lanzi|1y=1792|1p=147|2a1=Lanzi|2y=1795|2p=270|ps=; cited in {{harvnb|Olivier|1996|p=319}}.}} However, it seems likely that Zuccarelli already knew Anesi from Rome, or met him in Florence via their common friend Gabburri, whose collection of paintings were devoted almost exclusively to landscape, and included five by Anesi, four from [[Marco Ricci|Ricci]], and one of [[Claude Lorrain|Claude]]. Both Zuccarelli and Anesi exhibited in Florence at the Academy of Design in 1729, held in the cloister of the basilica [[Santissima Annunziata, Florence|Santissima Annunziata]], through Gabburri who had been a leading organizer of the event since 1705.{{sfnm|1a1=Olivier|1y=1996|1p=333|2a1=Spadotto|2y=2007|2p=11}}{{sfnm|Perini|1998|loc=[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/francesco-maria-niccolo-gabburri_(Dizionario-Biografico)/  ]|ps=; vol. 51.}}}}