Editing Fraktur (section)

==Characteristics==
Besides the 26 letters of the [[ISO basic Latin alphabet]],{{efn|[[ISO basic Latin alphabet]] is derived from the [[English alphabet]] hence its 26 letters.}} Fraktur usually includes the Eszett {{angbr|[[ß]]}} in the {{angbr|ſʒ}} form, vowels with [[umlaut (diacritic)|umlauts]], and the [[long s]] {{angbr|ſ}}. Some Fraktur typefaces also include a variant form of the letter r known as the [[r rotunda]], and many include a variety of [[ligature (typography)|ligature]]s which are left over from cursive handwriting and have rules for their use. Most older Fraktur typefaces make no distinction between the [[majuscule]]s {{angbr|I}} and {{angbr|J}} (where the common shape is more suggestive of a {{angbr|J}}), even though the [[lower case|minuscules]] {{angbr|i}} and {{angbr|j}} are differentiated.

One difference between the Fraktur and other blackletter scripts is that in the lower case {{angbr|o}}, the left part of the bow is broken, but the right part is not. In Danish texts composed in Fraktur, the letter {{angbr|[[ø]]}} was already preferred to the German and Swedish {{angbr|[[ö]]}} in the 16th century.{{efn|Compare, for example,
{{lang|da|2=[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bible_of_Christian_III_1550.jpg Bibla: Det er den gantske Hellige Scrifft: udsæt paa Danske]}}. 1550. {{in lang|da}} and {{lang|da|2=[https://books.google.com/books?id=zGRCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PT1089 Biblia: Det er Den gantske Hellige Scrifft paa Danske igien offuerseet oc prentet effter vor allernaadigste herris oc Kongis K. Christian den IV. Befaling]}}. 1633. {{in lang|da}}}}

In the Latvian variant of Fraktur, used mainly until the 1920s, there are additional characters used to denote Latvian letters with [[Diacritic|diacritical marks]].<ref name=Latvian /><ref>{{cite book|last=Švehs|first=Ernsts Aleksandrs|title=Jauna ābece|location=Rīga|publisher=W. F. Häcker|year=1877|url=http://gramatas.lndb.lv/periodika2-viewer/?lang=fr#issue:699218|page=7|access-date=2023-07-29|lang=lv}}</ref> Stroked letters {{angbr|Ꞡ ꞡ}}, {{angbr|Ꞣ ꞣ}}, {{angbr|Ł ł}}, {{angbr|Ꞥ ꞥ}}, {{angbr|Ꞧ ꞧ}} are used for palatalized consonants ({{angbr|Ģ ģ}}, {{angbr|Ķ ķ}}, {{angbr|Ļ ļ}}, {{angbr|Ņ ņ}}, {{angbr|Ŗ ŗ}}), stroked variants of {{angbr|s}} and {{angbr|ſ}} distinguish voiced and unvoiced sibilants or affricates ({{angbr|S ſ}} for voiced [z], {{angbr|Ꞩ ẜ}} for unvoiced [s], {{angbr|ſch}} [ž] / {{angbr|ẜch}} [š], {{angbr|dſch}} [dž] / {{angbr|tẜch}} [č]), while accents ({{angbr|à}}, {{angbr|â}}, {{angbr|ê}}, {{angbr|î}}, {{angbr|ô}}, {{angbr|û}}) together with digraphs ({{angbr|ah}}, {{angbr|eh}} etc.) are used for long vowels ({{angbr|Ā ā}}, {{angbr|Ē ē}}, {{angbr|Ī ī}}, {{angbr|Ō ō}}, {{angbr|Ū ū}}). Stroked variants of {{angbr|s}} are also used in pre-1950 Sorbian orthography.<ref name=Latvian>{{cite web |url=https://unicode.org/L2/L2009/09112r-obliquestrokes.pdf |title=Proposal to encode 10 Latin letters for pre-1921 Latvian orthography |publisher=[[Unicode Consortium]] |date=2009-04-30 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231127094550/https://unicode.org/L2/L2009/09112r-obliquestrokes.pdf |archive-date= Nov 27, 2023 }}</ref>