Editing Fort Meade (section)

==History==
{{For|the 1898 [[Camp Meade]]<ref>{{cite news |date=October 4, 1898 |title=To Abandon Camp Meade |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=8-IyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3076,5338357&dq=west-virginia+monuments+gettysburg+1898&hl=en|newspaper=Gettysburg Compiler via Google News Archive |access-date=2011-03-17 |quote=''It is stated from Washington that the war department has decided to abandon [[Camp Meade]] at once.''}} ([https://www.google.com/search?q=Camp+Meade&tbs=nws:1,ar:1&source=newspapers#q=Camp+Meade&hl=en&tbs=cdr:1,cd_max:1898,sbd:1&tbm=nws&source=lnt&sa=X&ei=FChiTqOeIsmOsAKguf2gCg&ved=0CBsQpwUoAQ&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.&fp=c68a41c63ae57613&biw=1600&bih=699 list of articles)]</ref> at [[Middletown, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania|Middletown PA]] and the "Meadeboro" camp near the [[Pickett's Charge]] field|Harrisburg Air National Guard Base{{!}}Harrisburg ANGB|1913 Gettysburg reunion}}
[[File:Prisoner of War (POW) camp at Fort Meade in 1942.jpg|thumb|A [[prisoner of war]] (POW) camp at Fort Meade in 1942 during [[World War II]]]]
===20th century===
Initially called Camp [[Annapolis Junction, Maryland|Annapolis Junction]], the post was opened as "Camp Admiral" in 1917 on {{Convert|29.7|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} acquired for a training camp. The post was called Camp Meade Cantonment by 1918,<ref>Supplemental History of Construction at Camp Meade, Including Completion Report of Camp Franklin Signal Corps school.[http://www.ftmeade.army.mil/museum/archives/Arch]{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. Admiral, MD: February 1919. Weiss, Dreyfous and Seiferth Office Records, Southeastern Architectural Archive, Special Collections Division, Tulane University Libraries.</ref> Camp Franklin Signal Corps school was located there and in 1919, the [[Camp Benning]] tank school—formed from the World War I [[Camp Colt, Pennsylvania|Camp Colt]] and [[Tobyhanna Army Depot|Tobyhanna]] schools—was transferred to the fort before the [[United States Tank Corps|Tank Corps]] was disbanded.<ref>{{cite report |last=Rockenbach |first=Samuel D |author-link=Samuel Rockenbach |date=October 13, 1919 |title=Report of the Director of the Tank Corps for the year ending June 30, 1919 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xq4qAAAAYAAJ&q=tobyhanna+%22tank+corps%22&pg=PA251 |work=Congressional serial set, Issue 7688 |access-date=2011-01-17}}</ref>

Renamed to Fort Leonard Wood (February 1928<ref>{{cite news |date=February 19, 1928 |title=Gen. Leonard Wood Memorial Authorized By Chief of Staff |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gI9FAAAAIBAJ&pg=3778,4551594&dq=fort-leonard-wood+maryland&hl=en |format=Google News Archive |newspaper=The Telegraph-Herald and Times-Journal |access-date=2011-09-02}}</ref>&nbsp;– March 5, 1929),<ref name=History>{{cite web |title=Fort Meade history |url=http://www.ftmeade.army.mil/pages/history/history.html |publisher=Fort Meade |access-date=2011-09-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111173532/http://www.ftmeade.army.mil/pages/history/history.html |archive-date=2011-11-11 }}</ref> the fort's [[Experimental Motorized Force]]s in the summer and fall of 1928 tested vehicles and tactics in expedition convoys (Camp Meade observers had joined the in-progress [[1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy]]). In 1929, the fort's [[66th Armor Regiment (United States)|1st Tank Regiment]] [[Gettysburg Battlefield camps after the American Civil War|encamped on the Gettysburg Battlefield]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gdg.org/Research/Authored%20Items/BCRReports/1930.html |title=1930 Reports |publisher=Gdg.org |access-date=2012-09-04}}</ref>

During [[World War II]], Fort Meade was used as a [[recruit training]] post and [[prisoner of war camp]], in addition to a holding center for approximately 384 [[Internment of Japanese Americans|Japanese]], [[Internment of German Americans|German]], and [[Internment of Italian Americans|Italian]] immigrant residents of the U.S. arrested as potential [[fifth column]]ists. The [[Second United States Army|Second U.S. Army Headquarters]] transferred to the post on June 15, 1947;<ref name=History /> and in 1957,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nsa.gov/news-features/declassified-documents/nsa-60th-timeline/1950s.shtml |title=NSA/CSS Timeline - 1950s - NSA.gov |publisher=NSA.gov |access-date=2017-10-14}}</ref> the post became headquarters of the [[National Security Agency]].

====Cold War air defense====
From the 1950s until the 1970s, the [[Fort Meade radar station]] had various [[radar]] equipment and control systems for air defense, such as the 1st [[Martin AN/FSG-I Antiaircraft Defense System]].<ref>A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization 1946–1980,  by Lloyd H. Cornett and Mildred W. Johnson, Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado</ref>  Fort Meade also had the first [[Nike Missile#Nike Ajax|Nike Ajax]] [[surface-to-air missile]]s in December 1953 (operational May 1954)<ref>{{cite web|author1=United States Army Air Defense School|title=USAADS Digest 1965, Chapter 2: Air Defense Doctrine And Procedures|url=http://ed-thelen.org/USAADSDigest1965chapter2.pdf|website=Ed Thelen's Nike Missile Web Site|publisher=Ed Thelen|date=1965}}</ref> and an accidental firing occurred [[List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (1955–59)#1955|in 1955 with Battery C, 36th AAA Missile Battalion]]. In 1962, the Army's Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 13th Air Defense Artillery Group, transferred from Meade to [[Homestead Air Reserve Base#Air Defense Command|Homestead AFB]] for initial deployment of [[MIM-23 Hawk]] missiles, and during the [[Cuban Missile Crisis]], the 6th Battalion (HAWK), 65th Artillery at Fort Meade (a [[United States Strike Command]] unit) was deployed to the Miami/Key West area<ref>{{cite web|author=Jerry Wilkinson |url=http://www.keyshistory.org/KL-NikeSite.html |title=North Key Largo Missile Site |publisher=Keyshistory.org |access-date=2012-09-04}}</ref> (the 8th Battalion (Hawk) was at the fort in late 1964).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nicap.org/reports/641219patuxent_rep4.htm |title=UFO Report |publisher=Nicap.org |date=1964-12-19 |access-date=2012-09-04}}</ref> Fort Meade bomb disposal experts were dispatched to secure nuclear bombs in the [[1964 Savage Mountain B-52 crash]].

In 1977, a merger organized the fort's U.S. Army Intelligence Agency as part of the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command]]. On October 1, 1991, a [[694th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group|wing of the Air Force Intelligence Command]] transferred to Fort Meade, and the organization was replaced by{{Failed verification|date=September 2011}} the [[707th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group|70th Operations Group]] on May 1, 2005.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inside 70th ISR Wing |url=http://www.70isrw.af.mil/70thisrwing/70thisrgroup/index.asp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716083551/http://www.70isrw.af.mil/70thisrwing/70thisrgroup/index.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 16, 2012 |work=70th ISR Wing |publisher=70ISRW.AF.mil |access-date=2011-09-05}}</ref>  In the early 1990s<!--October 1991 and January 1993-->, {{convert|12.7|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} was transferred from the post to the [[Patuxent Research Refuge]].<ref name=EPA/> A planned closure of the post in the 1990s was not implemented,{{When|date=September 2011}}<!-- before or after the end of the Cold War? --> and the Defense Information School moved to the fort in 1995.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dinfos.osd.mil/Dinfosweb/History.aspx |title=DINFOS History |publisher=Dinfos.osd.mil |access-date=2012-09-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913080426/http://www.dinfos.osd.mil/Dinfosweb/History.aspx |archive-date=2012-09-13 }}</ref> The [[311th Signal Command (United States)|311th Signal Command headquarters]] was at Fort Meade from 1996 to September 2006. 

===21st century===
The [[70th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing|70th Intelligence Wing headquarters]] was established at Fort Meade on July 17, 2000, and the [[Base Realignment and Closure, 2005]], designated Fort Meade to gain 5,700 positions. Fort Meade currently has more than 54,000 employees (service members and civilians), and is the largest employer in the state of Maryland and second largest installation by employee population in the Army.<ref>Larry Whitley, [http://ftmeadesoundoff.com/communitynews/fort-meade-evolving-next-100-years/], ''Ft. Meade Soundoff'', February 14, 2018. Fort Meade is currently undergoing another major transformation and is expecting another 8,000-10,000 employees by 2023.</ref>

After an August 27, 2007, [[U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]] order to assess the contamination at 14 [[hazardous waste]] sites on Fort Meade, such as an ordnance disposal area, 1940s waste dump, closed sanitary landfill,<ref name=EPA>[http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/MD9210020567.htm Fort George G. Meade: Current Site Information], Environmental Protection Agency, retrieved January 24, 2008</ref> a September 2007 environmental impact report identified adding two golf courses would be a "significant threat to the biological and territorial integrity of the Patuxent Research Refuge". The US Army responded that it is "taking steps to limit the environmental damage."<ref name="Impact">Steve Vogel, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/21/AR2007092102124.html "U.S. Agency Assails Ft. Meade Plan: Impact Report Cites Concerns About Traffic and Environment], ''Washington Post'', September 22, 2007</ref>

===Defense Information Systems Agency===
After [[United States Cyber Command]] was established at the post in 2009; on April 15, 2011, the [[Defense Information Systems Agency]] ribbon-cutting for the move from [[Arlington County, Virginia]], was at the agency's Fort Meade complex of {{Convert|95|acre|ha}}.<ref name="DINFOS">{{Cite news |date=April 2011 |title=Ribbon Cutting Celebration... |url=http://www.disa.mil/news/pressreleases/2011/ribbon_cutting_041511.html |publisher=DISA.mil |access-date=2011-09-03}}</ref>

===Defense Information School===
{{Further|Defense Information School}}
The consolidation of the [[Defense Information School]] and the Defense Visual Information School in fiscal 1996 and further consolidation with the Defense Photography School in fiscal 1998 created a single focal point in the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] for these specialties fields. Advancements in information technology and recent base realignment and closure initiatives have contributed to the evolution of the school. The result is a single school proud of its historical roots and dedicated to serving the diverse requirements for public affairs, broadcasting and visual information.<ref name="DINFOS" />

===Security incidents===
Alleged gunman Hong Young was arrested in connection with shootings at five public places in Maryland, including an NSA building, theaters and occupied vehicles in late February 2015. No motive has been established but his estranged wife attributed his behavior to mental issues, and he told police he heard voices telling him to shoot at a random driver.<ref>{{cite news|first=Amanda Lee|last=Myers|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/06/hong-young-bunnary-ngo_n_6819798.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403000537/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/06/hong-young-bunnary-ngo_n_6819798.html|archive-date=April 3, 2015|title=Hong Young's Estranged Wife Said He Acted 'Crazy' Before NSA Building Shooting|date=March 6, 2015|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]|access-date=March 30, 2015}}</ref>

On March 30, 2015, National Security Agency police officers shot and killed a person who attempted to drive an SUV through a restricted entrance to the NSA campus in Fort Meade, Maryland. A passenger in the SUV was injured, as was an officer, and both were treated at a hospital. President Obama was briefed but the FBI determined "we do not believe it is related to terrorism."<ref>{{cite news|first=Christian|last=Schaffer|url=http://www.abc2news.com/news/state/the-story-behind-the-person-shot-at-nsa-headquarters|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405141518/https://www.abc2news.com/news/state/the-story-behind-the-person-shot-at-nsa-headquarters|archive-date=April 5, 2015|title=Transgender woman who was shot dead trying to ram SUV through NSA gate was a 'homeless prostitute who was facing prison time|work=[[WMAR-TV|ABC News]]|date=March 31, 2015}}</ref>

On February 14, 2018, National Security Agency police officers shot and wounded an individual who rammed an SUV into a barricade near an entry gate outside of the facility. In the immediate aftermath of the event, the NSA announced that there was "no ongoing security or safety threat."<ref>{{cite news|last1=White|first1=Brian|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/suspect-held-black-suv-stopped-at-barrier-after-shooting-outside-national-security-agency/ar-BBJ7c3Y?OCID=ansmsnnews11|title=Suspect wounded, SUV stopped after shooting at NSA gate|language=en-US|access-date=February 14, 2018|date=February 14, 2018|work=[[MSN]]|agency=Associated Press}}</ref>