Editing Florissant, Missouri (section)

==History==
The exact date the first settlers went to the Valley of Florissant is unknown, but it is one of the oldest settlements in Missouri. Some historians believe it was settled about the same time as St. Louis. The first civilian government was formed in 1786. Spanish archives in [[Havana]] reveal 40 people and seven plantations were in Florissant at the time of the 1787 census. The village, called "Fleurissant", meaning "Blooming" in English, by its French settlers and "St. Ferdinand" by its Spanish rulers, was a typical French village with its commons and common fields.<ref>[http://www.oldstferdinandshrine.com/ Old St. Ferdinand Shrine, Official Site]</ref> Originally a separate town, and now an inner suburb of St. Louis, the community was centered on (and frequently called after) the parish of [[St Ferdinand|'''St. Ferdinand'''.]]  The center of the parish, the [[Old St. Ferdinand Shrine]], survives and is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].{{citation needed|date=April 2023}}

Around 1809, the [[Cold Water Cemetery]] had the first burial; since 2004, it has been listed in the [[National Register of Historic Places]] for its social history.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Miller|first=Janett Rowland|date=May 19, 2004|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Coldwater Cemetery|url=https://mostateparks.com/sites/mostateparks/files/Coldwater%20Cemetery.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101083340/https://mostateparks.com/sites/mostateparks/files/Coldwater%20Cemetery.pdf |archive-date=2022-01-01 |url-status=live|website=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior}}</ref>

As late as 1889, the town was predominantly French-speaking (while the southern portion of the metropolis was populated by German speakers).<ref>''St. Louis Post-Dispatch'', January 27, 1889; cited in ''[[Missouri Historical Review]]'', April 1957, p. 330</ref> The first train line to the area was constructed in 1878—an extension of the line which went from St. Louis City to [[Normandy, Missouri|Normandy]].<ref name="Wright Sr">{{cite book|last=Wright|first=John A. Sr.|date=June 7, 2004|title=Train Line|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|location=SC|isbn=073853255X}}</ref> The last train to Florissant ran on November 14, 1931.<ref name="Wright Sr" />

Following [[World War II]], Florissant went from a small village community to a large suburban center, as developers such as Alfred H. Mayer Co. began building subdivisions on what was formerly farmland and empty acreage. Around 18,000 houses were built between 1947 and 1980, and the population swelled to its peak of about 76,000 in the mid-1970s, making it the largest city in St. Louis County.<ref name="Wright Sr"/>

[[James Eagan|James J. Eagan]] was the first mayor of Florissant after a charter amendment created the position. He ultimately served 37 years from 1963 until his death on November 2, 2000, being re-elected into office nine times, and became one of the longest-serving mayors of any city in the United States. In his final year, he was awarded the title of Best Politician in St. Louis by the ''[[Riverfront Times]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Klose|first=Richard|title=Best Politician St. Louis 2000|url=http://www.riverfronttimes.com/bestof/2000/award/best-politician-30659/|publisher=Riverfront Times|access-date=2014-03-14}}</ref> The civic center off Parker Road is named the James J. Eagan Community Center in his memory.

In 2012, Florissant was ranked 76 in ''[[Money (magazine)|Money]]'' magazine's top-100 list of Best Places to Live – America's Best Small Cities.<ref>[https://money.cnn.com/magazines/moneymag/best-places/2012/snapshots/PL2924778.html Money Magazine Best Places 2012]</ref> In 2014, Florissant ranked as the #1 Best Small City to Retire To in America<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.movoto.com/blog/top-ten/best-small-cities-to-retire-in/ |title=These Are The 10 Best Small Cities To Retire To In America |publisher=Movoto.com |date=January 22, 2014}}</ref> and the second-safest city in Missouri.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.florissantmo.com/egov/documents/1393603374_1412.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315042022/http://www.florissantmo.com/egov/documents/1393603374_1412.pdf |archive-date=2014-03-15 |url-status=live |title=Florissant Police Department Newsletter / Press Release |publisher=Florissantmo/com |date=February 27, 2014}}</ref>

{{anchor|Florissant Old Town Historic District}}
'''Florissant Old Town Historic District''' is a locally designated historic preservation planning district, created by local ordinance in 1969.<ref name=mra>{{cite report|type=none|url=https://catalog.archives.gov/id/63817959 |title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: St. Ferdinand City Multiple Resources Area |author=Noelle Soren |author2=Linda Harper |date=January 12, 1979 |access-date=May 14, 2023}} (The main MRA document is pages 10-118 within a 250-page PDF.  Note that page 59, the signatures page, is partly obscured but an unobscured copy is included as page 16 in the District #2 PDF.  Accompanying "Historic Resources of the City of St. Ferdinand: Plans and Charts", which is pages 175-201, includes "Plan 4" map of the St. Ferdinand's Shrine Historic District and "Plan 5" map of the St. Ferdinand Central Historic District.  The PDF also includes State of Missouri's Office of Historic Preservation Historic Inventory forms for numerous properties.</ref> Within that, the heart of Old Town Florissant is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] as the [[St. Ferdinand Central Historic District]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/79003647|title=NPGallery Asset Detail|website=npgallery.nps.gov|access-date=2020-03-28}}</ref> The boundaries of the district are roughly rue St. Francois, rue St. Ferdinand, and rue St. Denis, and Lafayette Street. The City of St. Ferdinand Multiple Resource Area (MRA), located in the oldest section of the present city of Florissant, encompasses approximately 156 city blocks and encloses the approximate area of the City of St. Ferdinand, as Florissant was known from 1857 to 1939.<ref>{{Cite report |title=St. Ferdinand City MRA: Historic Resources of the City of St. Ferdinand|citeseerx = 10.1.1.544.6498}}</ref> This MRA comprises 124 historically significant properties ranging in date from 1790 to 1940. The historic [[Old St. Ferdinand Shrine]] is located on the western end of Old Town. The Shrine and Historic Site consists of four historic buildings on their original locations: the 1819 convent, 1821 church, 1840 rectory, and 1888 schoolhouse. It is listed individually on the National Register of Historic Places and is a [[U.S. historic district|U.S. Historic District]].

[[Historic Florissant]], the local [[historical society]], operates out of the preserved [[Gittemeier House]].