Editing Figueres (section)

==History==
The town's name derives from that of '''''Ficaris''''', of [[Visigoth Kingdom|Visigoth]] origin. In [[1267]], King [[James I of Aragon]] conceded it ''[[fuero]]'' rights, but four years later Count [[Ponç Hug IV of Empúries|Ponç IV of Empúries]] set the town on fire.

In 1794 Figueras was surrendered to France, but it was regained in 1795. During the [[Peninsular War]] it was taken by the French in 1808, recaptured by the Spaniards in 1811, and retaken by the French in the same year.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Figueras|volume=10|page=334}}</ref>

During the [[Spanish Civil War]], it remained loyal to the [[Spanish Republican government in exile|Republican government]], and was repeatedly bombed by the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] and [[Italian Fascism|Fascist Italian]] aviation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.publico.es/actualidad/figueres-gernika-catalunya.html|title=Figueres, la Gernika de Catalunya|date=2013-04-03|website=Publico|language=es|access-date=2020-01-03}}</ref>

It was one of the most heavily bombed Catalan cities during the Civil War, in [[1938]], and, especially, at the beginning of [[1939]], when thousands of people passed through the town on their way into exile. The number of bombing victims cannot be known with certainty, but could be close to 400.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://icip.gencat.cat/en/actualitat/activitats/Activitat_Agenda/ICIP-participates-in-the-historical-memory-project-silences-Figueres-under-the-bombs|title=ICIP participates in the historical memory project "(silences) Figueres under the bombs". International Catalan Institute for Peace. Generalitat de Catalunya|website=[[International Catalan Institute for Peace]]|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-01-03}}</ref>

Spain's Republican government held its final meeting of the civil war (on 1 February 1939) in the dungeons of its [[Sant Ferran Castle]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/spain/figueres/attractions/castell-de-sant-ferran/a/poi-sig/1188431/1004438|title=Castell de Sant Ferran {{!}} Figueres, Spain Attractions|website=Lonely Planet|language=en|access-date=2020-01-03}}</ref>

Figueres recovered starting from the 1950s, consolidating its economy around the tourism industry.

Figueres was once home to a [[Jewish community]] prior to the [[Expulsion of the Jews from Spain|expulsion of the Jews]] in 1492, and a small Jewish quarter remains.<ref>{{cite web |title=FIGUERES |url=https://www.catalunyabusturistic.com/en/figueres |website=Catalunya Bus Turistic |access-date=24 June 2024}}</ref>