Editing Ferdinand Hitzig (section)

==Life and works==
Hitzig was born at Hauingen (now a part of [[Lörrach]]), [[Baden, Germany|Baden]], where his father was a pastor.
He studied theology at [[university of Heidelberg|Heidelberg]] under H.E.G. Paulus, at [[University of Halle|Halle]] under [[Wilhelm Gesenius]] and at [[University of Göttingen|Göttingen]] under [[Georg Heinrich August Ewald|Ewald]]. Returning to Heidelberg he became ''[[Privatdozent]]'' in theology in 1829, and in 1831 published his ''Begriff der Kritik am Alten Testamente praktisch erörtert'', a study of [[Old Testament]] criticism in which he explained the critical principles of the grammatico-historical school, and his ''Des Propheten Jonas Orakel über Moab'', an exposition of the 5th and 16th chapters of the [[Book of Isaiah]] attributed by him to the prophet [[Jonah]] mentioned in ''2 Kings'' xiv. 25.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

In 1833 he was called to the [[University of Zürich]] as professor ordinarius of theology. His next work was a commentary on [[Isaiah]] with a translation (''Übersetzung und Auslegung des Propheten Jesaias''), which he dedicated to Heinrich Ewald, and which [[Hermann Hupfeld]] (1796–1866), well known as a commentator on the [[Psalms]] (1855–1861), pronounced to be his best exegetical work. At Zürich he laboured for a period of twenty-eight years, during which, besides commentaries on ''The Psalms'' (1835–1836; 2nd ed., 1863–1865), ''The Minor Prophets'' (1838; 3rd ed., 1863), ''Jeremiah'' (1841; 2nd ed., 1866), ''Ezekiel'' (1847), ''Daniel'' (1850), ''Ecclesiastes'' (1847), ''Canticles'' (1855), and ''Proverbs'' (1858), he published a monograph, ''Über Johannes Markus und seine Schriften'' (1843), in which he maintained the chronological priority of the second [[gospel]]. He wrote works of [[archaeology|archaeological]] interest, of which the most important are ''Die Erfindung des Alphabets'' (1840), ''Urgeschichte und Mythologie der Philister'' (1845), and ''Die Grabschrift des Eschmunezar'' (1855).{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

After the death in 1860 of [[Friedrich Umbreit]], one of the founders of the well-known ''Studien und Kritiken'', Hitzig was called to succeed him as professor of theology at [[University of Heidelberg|Heidelberg]]. Here he wrote his ''Geschichte des Volkes Israel'' (1869–1870), in two parts, extending respectively to the end of the [[Persian Empire|Persian]] domination and to the fall of Masada, 72 AD, as well as a work on the Pauline epistles, ''Zur Kritik Paulinischer Briefe'' (1870), on the Moabite Stone, ''Die Inschrift des Mescha'' (1870), and on [[Assyria]]n, ''Sprache und Sprachen Assyriens'' (1871), besides revising the commentary on [[Book of Job|Job]] by [[Ludwig Hirzel]], first published in 1839.

He was also a contributor to the ''Monatsschrift des wissenschaftlichen Vereins'' in Zürich, the ''Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft'', the ''Theologische Studien und Kritiken'', [[Eduard Zeller]]'s ''Theologische Jahrbücher'', and [[Adolf Hilgenfeld]]'s ''Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Theologie''. Hitzig died at Heidelberg.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}

His lectures on biblical theology (''Vorlesungen über biblische Theologie und messianische Weissagungen'') were published in 1880 after his death, along with a portrait and biographical sketch by his pupil, [[Johann Jakob Kneucker|J. J. Kneucker]] (b. 1840), professor of theology at Heidelberg.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911}}