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Farmington, Missouri
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==History== William Murphy migrated from Kentucky to this former area of [[La Louisiane]] west of the [[Mississippi River]] in 1798, when it was under [[Spanish people|Spanish]] rule. Calderon <!--?--> was searching for the ideal site to relocate his family. Tradition holds that he was aided by a local Native American, likely Osage, in finding a spring near here. Deciding that this was an excellent place to settle, Murphy acquired a Spanish Land Grant, allowing him and his family to found a community along the [[St. Francis River|St. Francois River]]. In his travels back to Kentucky, Murphy died. His wife Sarah and their grown sons carried out establishing the settlement around 1800. They named it Murphy's Settlement. Sarah is known to have founded the first [[Protestant]] Sunday School west of the Mississippi River. Because Spanish law barred any religious services that were not [[Roman Catholic]], Sarah and her students conducted classes in secret. The United States acquired this area as part of the [[Louisiana Purchase]] in 1803. It was later designated as part of the [[Missouri Territory]]. A post office in Murphy's Settlement was opened in 1817. [[Missouri]] was admitted as a state in 1821 as part of the [[Missouri Compromise]]. In 1822, William Crawford Murphy contributed {{convert|52|acre|m2}} of land here for the county seat of what was soon to be St. Francois County. Murphy's Settlement was renamed Farmington in 1825, taking the name from the area's rich farm land.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RfAuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA358 | title=How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named | publisher=The State Historical Society of Missouri | author=Eaton, David Wolfe | year=1918 | pages=358}}</ref> Farmington was granted incorporation as a town in 1836 and became a village 20 years later in 1856. In the mid-19th century, Farmington enjoyed growth from construction of the historic Plank Road, which stretched from [[Pilot Knob, Missouri|Pilot Knob]] to [[Ste. Genevieve, Missouri|Ste. Genevieve]]. It improved the village's access to supplies and markets along the river. The road was built both to transport supplies from the shipping facilities located along the river to the [[Mining|mines]] and to move the mines' [[iron ore]] to the shipping facilities. This route was soon taken over by the [[St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway]]. The first public school was constructed in 1870 and in 1879. Farmington gained recognition as a fourth-class city. In 1981 Farmington became a third-class city. The [[Courthouse Square Historic District (Farmington, Missouri)|Courthouse Square Historic District]], [[East Columbia Historic District (Farmington, Missouri)|East Columbia Historic District]], [[Farmington State Hospital No. 4 Cemetery]], [[James Robinson McCormick House]], [[Presbyterian Orphanage of Missouri]], and [[St. Francois County Jail and Sheriff's Residence]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref><ref name="nps">{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/listings/20101105.htm|title=National Register of Historic Places Listings|date=2010-11-05|work=Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 10/25/10 through 10/29/10|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
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