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Félix Dupanloup
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==Biography== Dupanloup was born at [[Saint-Félix, Haute-Savoie|Saint-Félix]], in [[Upper Savoy]], (which at the time was part of the [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia]] rather than France) an illegitimate son of Prince [[Camillo Borghese, 6th Prince of Sulmona|Camillo Borghese]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K6haxnN0GX8C&q=camillo+borghese+dupanloup&pg=PA205|page=205 |title=Lord Acton |isbn=9780300129809 |last1=Hill |first1=Roland |year=1999 |publisher=Yale University Press }}</ref> In his earliest years he was confided to the care of his brother, a priest in the [[diocese of Chambéry]]. In 1810 he was sent to a ''pensionnat ecclésiastique'' at [[Paris, France|Paris]]. Thence he went to the seminary of [[Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet]] in 1813, and was transferred to the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)|Saint Sulpice]] at Paris in 1820. In 1825 he was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] priest, and was appointed vicar of the Madeleine at Paris. For a time he was tutor to the [[Orléans]] princes. He became the founder of a celebrated academy at St Hyacinthe, and received a letter from [[Pope Gregory XVI|Gregory XVI]] lauding his work there, and calling him ''Apostolus juventutis''.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Dupanloup, Félix Antoine Philibert|volume=8|page=686}}</ref> He was elected to the [[Académie française]] in 1854,<ref>King, Edward (1876). [https://archive.org/stream/frenchpoliticall00king#page/122/mode/2up "Monseigneur Dupanloup,"] in ''French Political Leaders''. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, p. 128.</ref> occupying the thirty-eighth chair and leading the academy's "religious party", in which capacity he manoeuvred against the election of [[agnosticism|agnostic]] intellectuals. Dupanloup resigned in 1875 after [[Émile Littré]], an agnostic, was elected to the academy.<ref>Parsons, Reuben (1886). [https://archive.org/stream/studiesinchurc05pars#page/348/mode/2up "Dupanloup,"] in ''Studies in Church History''. New York: Fr. Pustet & Co., p. 354.</ref> His imposing height,{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}} his noble features,{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}his brilliant eloquence, as well as his renown for zeal and charity,{{cn|date=April 2024}} made him a prominent feature in French life for many years{{cn|date=April 2024}}. Crowds of persons attended his addresses, on whom his energy, command of language, powerful voice and impassioned gestures made a profound impression.{{cn|date=April 2024}} When made [[bishop of Orléans]] in 1849, he pronounced a fervid [[panegyric]] on [[Joan of Arc]], which attracted attention in England as well as France.{{cn|date=April 2024}} Joan of Arc was later canonized, due partly to Dupanloup's efforts.{{cn|date=April 2024}} Before this, he had been sent by Archbishop Aifre to Rome, and had been appointed Roman prelate and protonotary apostolic.<ref name="EB1911"/> For thirty years he remained a notable figure in France, doing his utmost to arouse his countrymen from religious indifference. He was a distinguished educationist who fought for the retention of the Latin classics in the schools and instituted the celebrated catechetical method of St Sulpice. Among his publications are:<ref name="EB1911"/> * {{lang|fr|De l'Éducation}} (1850) * {{lang|fr|De la Haute Éducation Intellectuelle}} (3 vols., 1866) * {{lang|fr|Œuvres Choisies}} (1861, 4 vols.) * {{lang|fr|Histoire de Jésus}} (1872), a counterblast to [[Ernest Renan|Renan]]'s {{lang|fr|Vie de Jésus}}. In ecclesiastical policy his views were moderate. Both before and during the [[First Vatican Council]], he opposed the [[dogmatic definition|definition of the dogma]] of [[papal infallibility]] as inopportune,<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/ns2a634760404londuoft#page/n7/mode/2up "The Roman Question,"] ''The Rambler'' '''4''', November 1860, pp. 1–27.</ref> but after the definition was among the first to accept the [[dogma]].<ref>Sparrow Simpson, W.J. (1909). ''Roman Catholic Opposition to Papal Infallibility''. London: John Murray.</ref><ref>Cross, Robert D. (1958). "Catholicism and Culture in Nineteenth-Century Europe", in ''The Emergence of Liberal Catholicism in America''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.</ref> Dupanloup died on 11 October 1878 at the château of [[La Combe-de-Lancey]].{{cn|date=April 2024}}
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