Editing Extremadura (section)

==Geography==
=== Physical environment ===
[[File:El torreón 2011.JPG|thumb|right|Towering over 2,400 m, the Calvitero is considered to be Extremadura's highest point.]]
[[File:Garganta de Cuartos.jpg|thumb|right|The Garganta de Cuartos in northeastern Extremadura]]
Extremadura is contained between {{nowrap|37° 57{{prime}}}} and {{nowrap|40° 29{{prime}} N}} latitude, and {{nowrap|4° 39{{prime}}}} and {{nowrap|7° 33{{prime}} W}} longitude.

The [[area]] of Extremadura is {{convert|41633|km2|abbr=on}}, making it the fifth largest of the Spanish autonomous communities. It is located in the Southern Plateau (a subdivision of the Spanish [[Meseta Central|Central Plateau]]).

The region is crossed from West to East by two large rivers, the [[Tagus]] and the [[Guadiana]], lining up three basic areas from North to South by combining mountain ranges and rivers: the territory spanning from the [[Sistema Central]] to the Tagus, the so-called ''Mesopotamia extremeña'' in between the Tagus and the Guadiana and the territory from the Guadiana to [[Sierra Morena]].{{Sfn|Ongil Valentín|Sauceda Pizarro|1986|p=155}} Besides the catchment basins of the Tagus and the Guadiana covering most of the territory by far, fringe areas of the region are drained by the [[Douro]] (north) and the [[Guadalquivir]] (south). Notable Tagus tributaries include the [[Tiétar River|Tiétar]] and the [[Alagón River|Alagón]] (rightbank) and the [[Almonte (river)|Almonte]], [[Ibor]], [[Salor]] and the Sever (leftbank). Regarding the Guadiana, important leftbank tributaries include [[Guadarranque]] and [[Ruecas]] and rightbank tributaries include the [[Zújar River]] and the [[Matachel]].

The highest point in Extremadura, the {{convert|2401|m|abbr=on}} high [[Calvitero]] (or El Torreón),<ref>{{Cite web|date=27 April 2003|title=Gredos, el techo de Extremadura|url=https://www.elperiodicoextremadura.com/sociedad/2003/04/27/gredos-techo-extremadura-45745898.html|website=[[El Periódico Extremadura]]}}</ref> is located in the Sistema Central, in the northeastern end of the region, bordering with Castile and León. The main subranges of the Sistema Central in Extremadura are the [[Sierra de Gata]] and [[Sierra de Béjar (mountain range)|Sierra de Béjar]].

The modest heights of [[Sierra de las Villuercas]] (topping at {{convert|1603|m|abbr=on}} on the [[La Villuerca|Pico de las Villuercas]]) rise in the ''Mesopotamia extremeña''. Other notable ranges include the [[Sierra de Montánchez]] and the [[Sierra de San Pedro]], part of the larger [[Montes de Toledo]] system.<ref>[http://www.pedroalhambra.net/fotografia/pico-villuercas-y-relieve-apalachense/ Pico la Villuerca] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216082427/http://www.pedroalhambra.net/fotografia/pico-villuercas-y-relieve-apalachense/ |date=2013-12-16 }}</ref>

The [[Sierra Morena]]—the limit between Extremadura and [[Andalusia]]—and the [[Sierra de Tentudía]] (topping at {{convert|1104|m|abbr=on}} on the [[Pico Tentudía]]) rise in the south.

There are four different [[Hydrography|hydrographic]] basins:
* The [[Tagus Basin|basin]] of the [[Tagus]] ({{langx|es|Tajo}}), with two principal tributaries: on the right, the [[Tiétar River|Tiétar]] and the [[Alagón River|Alagón]]; and on the left, the [[Almonte (river)|Almonte]], [[Ibor]], [[Salor]] and the [[Tagus River|Sever]]. The tributaries on the right edge carry a large quantity of water, which feed the gorges of the [[Sistema Central]] where the rainfall is abundant and the winter brings a great quantity of snow.
* The basin of the [[Guadiana]], which has principal tributaries: 
* The basin of the [[Guadalquivir]] with only {{convert|1411|km2|abbr=on}} in Extremadura (2.45% of total).
* The basin of the [[Douro]] ({{langx|es|Duero}}) with only {{convert|35|km2|abbr=on}} in Extremadura (0.04% of its basin).

===Climate===
The climate of Extremadura is predominantly [[hot-summer Mediterranean]] (''Csa'' in the [[Köppen climate classification]]), with some regions being [[Semi-arid climate|cold semi-arid]] (''BSk'' in the [[Köppen climate classification]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Evolucion de los climas de Köppen en España en el periodo 1951-2020 |url=https://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/conocermas/recursos_en_linea/publicaciones_y_estudios/publicaciones/NT_37_AEMET/NT_37_AEMET.pdf |access-date=2024-05-04 |website=[[Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia]]}}</ref> Extremadura generally presents average annual temperatures somewhat warmer than most of the hinterland of the Iberian Peninsula, featuring nonetheless a north–south gradient.{{Sfn|Pulido|Sanz|Abel|Ezquerra|2007|p=103}} Annual thermal amplitude generally ranges from 16 to 19&nbsp;°C.{{Sfn|Pulido|Sanz|Abel|Ezquerra|2007|p=103}} Average annual precipitation stands at around 600&nbsp;mm.{{Sfn|Pulido|Sanz|Abel|Ezquerra|2007|pp=103–104}} Parts of the Sistema Central presents more than 1,500&nbsp;mm while it barely rains 400&nbsp;mm in parts of the province of Badajoz.{{Sfn|Pulido|Sanz|Abel|Ezquerra|2007|pp=103–104}} Summers are very hot and dry, with the rain concentrated in the cold months instead, leading to a high degree of [[water stress]] during the summer months.{{Sfn|Pulido|Sanz|Abel|Ezquerra|2007|pp=104}}