Editing Eutrophication (section)

== History and terminology==
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The term "eutrophication" comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''eutrophos'', meaning "well-nourished".<ref>{{citation |title=eutrophia |date=2016 |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/eutrophia |website=American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language |edition=Fifth |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company |access-date=March 10, 2018 |archive-date=March 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311021548/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/eutrophia |url-status=live }}</ref> Water bodies with very low nutrient levels are termed [[oligotrophic]] and those with moderate nutrient levels are termed [[Trophic state index#Mesotrophic|mesotrophic]]. Advanced eutrophication may also be referred to as [[Dystrophic lake|dystrophic]] and hypertrophic conditions.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wetzel|first=Robert|title=Limnology|publisher=W.B. Saunders|year=1975|isbn=0-7216-9240-0|location=Philadelphia-London-Toronto|pages=743}}</ref> Thus, eutrophication has been defined as "degradation of water quality owing to enrichment by nutrients which results in excessive plant (principally algae) growth and decay."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Smil |first1=Vaclav |title=Nitrogen Cycle and World Food Production |url=https://vaclavsmil.com/wp-content/uploads/docs/smil-article-worldagriculture.pdf |access-date=March 5, 2024 |archive-date=September 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913113039/https://www.vaclavsmil.com/wp-content/uploads/docs/smil-article-worldagriculture.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> 

Eutrophication was recognized as a [[water pollution]] problem in European and North American lakes and reservoirs in the mid-20th century.<ref name="Rohde 1969">Rodhe, W. (1969) "Crystallization of Eutrophication Concepts in North Europe". In: ''Eutrophication, Causes, Consequences, Correctives''. National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C., {{ISBN|9780309017008}} <!--Not 10 or 13 digits long-->, pp. 50–64.</ref> Breakthrough research carried out at the [[Experimental Lakes Area]] (ELA) in Ontario, Canada, in the 1970s provided the evidence that freshwater bodies are phosphorus-limited. ELA uses the whole [[ecosystem approach]] and long-term, whole-lake investigations of freshwater focusing on cultural eutrophication.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schindler |first=David |date=1974 |title=Eutrophication and Recovery in Experimental Lakes: Implications for Lake Management |journal=Science |volume=184 (4139) |issue=4139 |pages=897–899 |bibcode=1974Sci...184..897S |doi=10.1126/science.184.4139.897 |pmid=17782381 |s2cid=25620329}}</ref>