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== History == At the time of first European contact ca. 1530, the area on the western shores of Lake Champlain were inhabited by [[Mohawk people]] of the [[Iroquois]] confederacy, with substantial [[Abenaki]] ([[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]]) contact. [[File:View of a home in Essex, N.Y, by E. M. Johnson.jpg|thumbnail|left|View of a home in Essex circa 1875]] Essex was part of a land grant made to Louis Joseph Robart by King [[Louis XV of France]]. The land grant was lost after the British took over the region after 1763. The region was first settled around 1765 with the intention of forming a baronial estate like those of the lower [[Hudson River]] for landowner and investor, William Gilliland. The town was formed from a part of the town of [[Willsboro, New York|Willsboro]] in 1805. It was an important shipbuilding location and port, but that economy collapsed after 1849 with the beginning of [[railroad]] lines in the region. The [[Essex Village Historic District]], [[Foothills Baptist Church (Essex, New York)|Foothills Baptist Church]], and the [[Octagonal Schoolhouse (Essex, New York)|Octagonal Schoolhouse]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>
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