Editing Encyclopedia (section)

==Etymology==
[[File:"Encyclopedia" in 15th c. manuscript of Institutio Oratoria.png|alt=Medieval manuscript containing the Greek phrase "enkúklios paideía"|thumb|A 15th-century manuscript of ''[[Institutio Oratoria]]''. The Greek root of the word ''encyclopedia'' is highlighted.]]
The word ''[[wikt:encyclopedia|encyclopedia]]'' comes from the [[Koine Greek]] {{lang|grc|ἐγκύκλιος παιδεία}},<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0060%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D10%3Asection%3D1 Ἐγκύκλιος παιδεία] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209012127/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2007.01.0060:book%3D1:chapter%3D10:section%3D1 |date=February 9, 2021}}, Quintilian, ''Institutio Oratoria'', 1.10.1, at Perseus Project<!--Perseus features an erroneous transcription: *ἐγκύκλικος instead of ἐγκύκλιος--></ref> [[transliterated]] {{transliteration|grc|enkúklios paideía}} {{gloss|general education}}, from {{transliteration|grc|enkúklios}} ({{lang|grc|ἐγκύκλιος}}) {{gloss|circular, recurrent, required regularly, general}}<ref name="humanities" /><ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3De%29gku%2Fklios ἐγκύκλιος] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308213346/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3De)gku%2Fklios |date=March 8, 2021}}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek–English Lexicon'', at Perseus Project</ref> and {{transliteration|grc|[[Paideia|paideía]]}} ({{lang|grc|παιδεία}}) {{gloss|education, rearing of a child}}; together, the phrase literally translates as {{gloss|complete instruction, complete knowledge}}.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dpaidei%2Fa παιδεία] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308034728/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dpaidei%2Fa |date=March 8, 2021}}, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek–English Lexicon'', at Perseus Project</ref> However, the two separate words were reduced to a single word due to a scribal error<ref>According to some accounts, such as the [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/encyclopedia ''American Heritage Dictionary''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819022705/http://www.thefreedictionary.com/encyclopedia |date=August 19, 2017}}, copyists of Latin manuscripts took this phrase to be a single Greek word, {{lang|grc|ἐγκυκλοπαιδεία}} {{transliteration|grc|enkuklopaideía}}.<!--The American Heritage Dictionary gives "enkuklopaedia" (a mistaken transliteration) but Wikipedia follows [[WP:GREEK]].--></ref> by copyists of a [[Latin]] manuscript edition of [[Quintillian]] in 1470.<ref>{{cite book |last=Franklin-Brown |first=Mary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oG8ttUuJrgUC&pg=PA8 |title=Reading the world: encyclopedic writing in the scholastic age |publisher=The University of Chicago Press |year=2012 |isbn=9780226260709 |location=Chicago London |page=8}}</ref> The copyists took this phrase to be a single Greek word, {{Lang|grc-latn|enkuklopaideía}}, with the same meaning, and this spurious Greek word became the [[Neo-Latin]] word {{Lang|la|encyclopaedia}}, which was in turn [[Loanword|borrowed]] into English. Because of this compounded word, readers since the fifteenth century have often, and incorrectly, thought that the Roman authors Quintillian and [[Natural History (Pliny)|Pliny]] described an ancient genre.<ref>{{cite book |last=König |first=Jason |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mfPXAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1 |title=Encyclopaedism from antiquity to the Renaissance |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-107-03823-3 |location=New York |page=1}}</ref> Following [[Noah Webster]]'s [[English-language spelling reform#19th century|spelling reform]],{{Sfn|Cook|Ryan|2016|p=418}} the [[American and British English spelling differences|spelling]] of the word varies between ''encyclopedia'' in American English, ''encyclopaedia'' in British English (although the spelling ''encyclopedia'' is increasingly gaining acceptance), and ''encyclopædia'' in certain specialized cases.{{Sfn|Cook|Ryan|2016|p=121}}