Editing Eddyville, Iowa (section)

==History==
''Circa'' 1839,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eddyville.lib.ia.us/community/Community-Pictures/Gallery-HardFish%20memorial/view|access-date=March 28, 2020|title=Chief Hard Fish Memorial at Walnut Street U-Turn}}</ref><ref name="library">{{cite web|url=https://www.eddyville.lib.ia.us/community-resources/community|access-date=March 28, 2020|title=Our Community|publisher=Eddyville Public Library}}</ref> a [[Sauk people|Sauk]] village was established on this site following the end of the [[Black Hawk War]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://genealogytrails.com/iowa/indian_bios.htm#Wish-e-co-ma-que|access-date=March 28, 2020|title=Native American Biographies}}</ref> The village was referred to by the name of its chief, Chief Hard Fish, or Wish-e-co-ma-que.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iagenweb.org/history/moi/MOIChp8.htm|access-date=March 28, 2020|title=The Making of Iowa}}</ref><ref name="History of Iowa">[[s:Page:History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century Volume 3.djvu/486|History of Iowa From the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century Volume 3]]</ref> In 1840 or 1841, before Iowa became a state, Jabish P. Eddy was permitted to open a trading post in Hard Fish's village.<ref name="library"/> It was a place for trade with the Indians and for pioneers to provision and ford the [[Des Moines River]]. In 1842, the area was obtained as part of the [[Sac and Fox treaty of 1842|New Purchase]] and the Sauk moved up river.<ref name="library"/> J.P. Eddy became the [[Indian agent]] for the area and set aside some of his land for the eponymously named town.<ref name="library"/> In 1843, the area was opened for white settlement.<ref name="History of Iowa"/> The town was formally incorporated in 1857.<ref name="library"/>

The first commercial [[Coal mining|coal mines]] in Wapello County were opened near Eddyville. Local oral history has it that a two-story house that once stood at the northwest corner of Seventh and Vance Streets served as a stop on the [[Underground Railroad]] until the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] made that unnecessary. Several 'coal banks' were in operation in 1857, including the Roberts Mine, directly across the [[Des Moines River]] from town. These mines worked coal seams exposed on the hillsides of the river valley.<ref>James H. Lees, History of Coal Mining in Iowa, Chapter III of [https://books.google.com/books?id=1BUMAAAAYAAJ&lpg=PA415&pg=PA540 Annual Report, 1908], Iowa Geological Survey, 1909, pages 540-541.</ref>

Eddyville was served by the Keokuk and Des Moines Railroad, which later became part of the Rock Island Railroad between [[Ottumwa, Iowa|Ottumwa]] and [[Oskaloosa, Iowa|Oskaloosa]] generally on what is known as Sixth Street, and by a spur of the Milwaukee Railroad from [[Albia, Iowa|Albia]], with a trestle bridge across the river to connect to the Rock Island on the north side of Eddyville. The Rock Island depot with a warehouse was between Walnut and Mill Streets, on the west side of the line. The line was closed and abandoned in the 1970s, but the old Milwaukee line has been rebuilt and expanded to serve Cargill and related operations from Albia where it joins the Burlington Northern Santa Fe.

A three-story brick school with a bell tower was located for many years on the block bounded by Seventh and Eighth Streets and Vance and Berdan Streets. This building housed all education for the community, through 12th grade. The property was enlarged with a ball field on the south across Berdan, and a playground on the west. The third story and bell tower were removed early in the twentieth century and the materials used to build a companion high school building, with the remaining portion of the original building used as an elementary school, including the heating plant. An auditorium and gymnasium with a stage was built about the time of [[World War II]]. In the late 1950s, the state encouraged school consolidation of the one-room schools in the surrounding countryside, including [[Chillicothe, Iowa|Chillicothe]] and [[Kirkville, Iowa|Kirkville]], and the school district borrowed to build a new junior-senior high school building approximately one mile east, on the south side of the county line road, which opened for classes in the late summer of 1961; the old buildings were then devoted to elementary classes.

Subsequently, Eddyville merged with the [[Hedrick, Iowa|Hedrick]] and [[Fremont, Iowa|Fremont]] schools and, most recently, [[Blakesburg, Iowa|Blakesburg]].

There was a city-owned electric system with a generator next to the railroad on Sixth Street at Mill Street. Some time around [[World War I]], the city sold the system to a private company.

Following World War II, the city built a public water system with a well on the south side of town and stand pipe water tower on Cemetery Hill. The system produced water pressure of 85-90 pounds per square inch in most of the community.

The volunteer fire department for much of the early and mid-20th century used a truck with three tanks and a front-mounted pump (sometimes called the chemical truck), and a General-St. Louis truck that was acquired from [[Mason City, Iowa|Mason City]]. Both had open cockpits and could be hand cranked to start the engine. In the late 1950s, the school bus barn burned and the department saved two International Metro buses. Some of the fire department members restored one Metro for the District and the District gave the other one to the department, which used it for rescue for many years thereafter.

About that time, L.W. Klein, owner of the furniture store and funeral home, decided to stop running ambulance calls and donated some of his equipment to the fire department for the rescue truck. The department worked hard with training, fund raising and obtaining equipment, such that when the state became interested in improving ambulance services, they looked at Eddyville's well-developed program as a model.

Iowa law allowed townships to levy a tax for fire protection, and Columbia and East Des Moines Townships contracted with the city to provide this service. Individual property owners from other townships could contract for fire protection. ''Circa'' 1960, the townships bought a fire truck on an International chassis with a front mount pump, and the chemical tank truck was retired but the pump was salvaged. In the early 1970s the two townships purchased a truck, had a tank built and a pump (from the old chemical truck) installed for use as a tanker truck and the city and the townships built a building to house the tanker as well as certain city operations and equipment. ''Circa'' 1974, the City purchased a new fire truck on a Ford chassis. A new fire station has since been built on Walnut Street at 6th Street, and there is more room for newer equipment.

For many years, the library, jail and upstairs meeting room and city hall, with adjacent fire station, were located at the corner of Walnut and First (or Front) Streets. In the early 1960s, with funding from an inheritance, this was extensively remodeled and modernized.

In the mid-1960s, the city, with a grant and a low-interest loan from the [[Farmers Home Administration]], constructed a sanitary sewer system, with lagoon treatment. The monthly fee was $4.60 for residences and $5.00 for businesses.

The Des Moines River has been a fact of life for the community throughout its history, with major flooding in 1947, 1965 and more recently. The [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|Army Corps of Engineers]] built a series of levees after the floods of 1947, and has raised them since.

The road to Albia originally crossed the river on a one-lane steel superstructure bridge from the west end of Walnut Street. After World War II, demand for electricity increased, and construction of an electric generating plant by Iowa Southern Utilities was begun across the river and south, known as Bridgeport Station. About the same time, a new concrete bridge was built and the old steel bridge removed, leaving a small park area across from city hall. The Eddyville side of the approach to the new bridge was built on extensive fill which also served as part of the levee system that had been built by the Corps of Engineers.

Demand for electricity continued to grow, Iowa Southern had built bigger, newer plants at Chillicothe and Burlington, and the Bridgeport station was obsolete. Cargill had a new process that worked in the laboratory, but they needed a cheap source of large amounts of steam to see if it worked in practice, so they purchased the Bridgeport Station for this purpose, and the Cargill plant was constructed, and continues to grow.

Telephone service was provided from an office on the second floor of a building on the south side of Walnut Street at the alley between Second and Third Streets, with a switchboard and cranked phones, most of which were on party lines. In the early 1960s, United Telephone modernized this with a new dial system. As a result of a petition drive, citizens agreed to pay 25 cents a month extra to call Ottumwa, Oskaloosa and Albia without long-distance tolls.