Editing Economy of Tunisia (section)

==Historical trend==
GDP per capita soared by more than 380% in the seventies (1970–1980: USD 280–1,369). But this proved unsustainable and it collapsed to a cumulative 10% growth in the turbulent eighties (1980–1990: USD 1,369–1,507), rising again to almost 50% cumulative growth in the nineties (1990–2000: USD 1,507–2,245), signifying the impact of successful diversification.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/tunisia/gdp-per-capita| title=Tunisia: GDP per capita| work=Index Mundi| access-date=2012-07-02}}</ref>

[[Image:Sfax oliviers.jpg|thumb|240px|Olive grove in [[Sfax]], Tunisia]] Growing [[foreign debt]] and the [[Foreign exchange market|foreign exchange]] crisis in the mid-1980s led the government to launch a [[structural adjustment]] program to liberalize prices, reduce [[tariff]]s, and reorient Tunisia toward a [[market economy]] in 1986. Tunisia's economic reform program was lauded as a model by [[international financial institutions]]. The government liberalized prices, reduced tariffs, lowered debt-service-to-exports and debt-to-[[Gross domestic product|GDP]] ratios, and extended the average maturity of its $10 billion foreign debt. Structural adjustment brought additional lending from the [[World Bank]] and other Western creditors. In 1990, Tunisia acceded to the [[General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade]] (GATT) and is a member of the [[World Trade Organization]] (WTO).

In 1996 Tunisia entered into an "Association Agreement" with the [[European Union]] (EU) which removed tariffs and other [[trade barrier]]s on most goods by 2008. In conjunction with the Association Agreement, the EU is assisting the Tunisian government's ''Mise A Niveau'' (upgrading) program to enhance the productivity of Tunisian businesses and prepare for competition in the global marketplace.

The government totally or partially privatized around 160 [[state-owned enterprise]]s after the [[privatization]] program was launched in 1987. Although the program is supported by the GATT, the government had to move carefully to avoid mass firings. [[Unemployment]] continued to plague Tunisia's economy and was aggravated by a rapidly growing workforce. An estimated 55% of the population is under the age of 25. Officially, 15.2% of the Tunisian workforce is unemployed.

In 2011, after the [[Arab Spring]], the economy slumped but then recovered with 2.81% GDP growth in 2014. However, unemployment is still one of the major issues with 15.2% of the labor force unemployed as of the first quarter of 2014. Tunisia's political transition gained new momentum in early 2014, with the resolution of a political deadlock, the adoption of a new Constitution and the appointment of a new government. The [[Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet|national dialogue platform]], brokered by key civil society organizations, played a crucial role in gathering all major political parties. This consensus will allow for further reform in the economy and public sector.

In 2015, the [[Bardo National Museum attack]] led to the collapse of the third largest sector of Tunisia's economy;<ref>{{cite web|title=CIA World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tunisia/|website=cia.gov|publisher=CIA|access-date=16 July 2015|df=dmy}}</ref> [[Tourism in Tunisia|tourism]]. Tunisian tourist workers in Tunis have said that "tourism is dead, it is completely dead", expressing the severe drop in tourism after the attack.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tunisia's tourism grappling with job losses|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02x60jc?ocid=socialflow_twitter|access-date=16 July 2015|work=BBC World|date=15 July 2015}}</ref>

The number of [[Rag-and-bone man|ragpickers]] in Tunisia is increasing due to the continuing high level of unemployment, the loss of purchasing power of the most disadvantaged families, and the explosion of plastic waste due to new consumption habits. Ragpickers do not benefit from [[social protection]], granted to professions with a legal status and may be subject to the exploitation of the [[Recycling]] industry.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2019/05/28/a-tunis-les-chiffonniers-sortent-de-l-ombre_5468739_3212.html|title=A Tunis, les chiffonniers sortent de l'ombre|newspaper=[[Le Monde]]|date=28 May 2019|access-date=2022-04-11}}</ref>

The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2017. Inflation under 5% is in green.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=96&pr.y=0&sy=1980&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=744&s=NGDP_RPCH,PPPGDP,PPPPC,PCPIPCH,LUR,GGXWDG_NGDP&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|website=www.imf.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-10-07}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!Year
!GDP<br /><small>(in Bil. US$ PPP)</small>
!GDP per capita<br /><small>(in US$ PPP)</small>
!GDP
<small>(in bil. US$ nominal)</small>
!GDP growth<br /><small>(real)</small>
!Inflation rate<br /><small>(in Percent)</small>
!Unemployment <br /><small>(in Percent)</small>
!Government debt<br /><small>(in % of GDP)</small>
|-
|1980
|13.6
|2,127
|9.6
|{{Increase}}7.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}10.1%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1981
|{{increase}}15.8
|{{increase}}2,387
|{{decrease}}9.2
|{{increase}}5.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}8.9%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1982
|{{Increase}}16.6
|{{Increase}}2,463
|{{decrease}}8.9
|{{decrease}}−0.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}13.7%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1983
|{{Increase}}18.0
|{{Increase}}2,618
|{{increase}}9.2
|{{increase}}4.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}9.0%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1984
|{{Increase}}19.7
|{{Increase}}2,833
|{{decrease}}9.1
|{{increase}}5.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}8.6%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1985
|{{Increase}}21.5
|{{Increase}}2,991
|{{increase}}9.2
|{{Increase}}5.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.6%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1986
|{{Increase}}21.6
|{{decrease}}2,894
|{{increase}}9.9
|{{decrease}}−1.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}6.2%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1987
|{{Increase}}23.7
|{{Increase}}3,101
|{{increase}}10.7
|{{Increase}}6.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}8.2%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1988
|{{Increase}}24.5
|{{Increase}}3,158
|{{increase}}11.1
|{{Increase}}0.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.2%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1989
|{{Increase}}26.1
|{{Increase}}3,306
|{{increase}}11.1
|{{Increase}}2.6%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.7%
|n/a
|n/a
|-
|1990
|{{Increase}}29.0
|{{Increase}}3,560
|{{increase}}14.1
|{{Increase}}7.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}6.5%
|16.2%
|n/a
|-
|1991
|{{increase}}31.2
|{{Increase}}3,756
|{{increase}}14.9
|{{Increase}}4.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}7.7%
|{{Steady}}16.2%
|66.4%
|-
|1992
|{{increase}}34.5
|{{increase}}4,065
|{{increase}}17.8
|{{Increase}}8.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.5%
|{{Steady}}16.2%
|{{decreasePositive}}65.2%
|-
|1993
|{{Increase}}36.2
|{{Increase}}4,224
|{{decrease}}16.7
|{{Increase}}2.5%
|{{Increase}}4.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}16.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}66.9%
|-
|1994
|{{Increase}}38.3
|{{Increase}}4,362
|{{increase}}17.9
|{{Increase}}3.6%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.4%
|{{Steady}}16.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}67.0%
|-
|1995
|{{Increase}}40.2
|{{Increase}}4,484
|{{increase}}20.6
|{{Increase}}2.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}6.2%
|{{decreasePositive}}16.2%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}68.8%
|-
|1996
|{{Increase}}43.7
|{{Increase}}4,808
|{{increase}}22.3
|{{Increase}}6.9%
|{{Increase}}3.7%
|{{decreasePositive}}16.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}70.1%
|-
|1997
|{{Increase}}47.0
|{{Increase}}5,100
|{{decrease}}21.8
|{{Increase}}5.7%
|{{Increase}}3.6%
|{{decreasePositive}}15.9%
|{{decreasePositive}}69.9%
|-
|1998
|{{increase}}49.9
|{{increase}}5,342
|{{increase}}22.9
|{{increase}}5.0%
|{{Increase}}3.1%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}16.1%
|{{decreasePositive}}61.0%
|-
|1999
|{{increase}}53.7
|{{increase}}5,676
|{{increase}}24.1
|{{increase}}6.0%
|{{Increase}}2.8%
|{{decreasePositive}}16.0%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}65.0%
|-
|2000
|{{Increase}}57.3
|{{Increase}}5,993
|22.5
|{{increase}}4.3%
|{{Increase}}2.8%
|{{decreasePositive}}15.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}65.9%
|-
|2001
|{{Increase}}61.4
|{{Increase}}6,362
|{{increase}}23.1
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{Increase}}1.9%
|{{decreasePositive}}15.1%
|{{decreasePositive}}54.7%
|-
|2002
|{{Increase}}63.4
|{{Increase}}6,503
|{{increase}}24.3
|{{Increase}}1.7%
|{{Increase}}1.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15.3%
|{{decreasePositive}}54.2%
|-
|2003
|{{Increase}}68.2
|{{Increase}}6,931
|{{increase}}28.8
|{{Increase}}5.5%
|{{Increase}}2.1%
|{{decreasePositive}}14.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}55.1%
|-
|2004
|{{Increase}}74.3
|{{Increase}}7,476
|{{increase}}32.7
|{{Increase}}6.0%
|{{Increase}}2.5%
|{{decreasePositive}}14.2%
|{{decreasePositive}}54.1%
|-
|2005
|{{Increase}}79.7
|{{Increase}}7,947
|{{increase}}33.9
|{{Increase}}4.0%
|{{Increase}}2.4%
|{{decreasePositive}}12.8%
|{{decreasePositive}}52.4%
|-
|2006
|{{Increase}}86.8
|{{Increase}}8,570
|{{increase}}36.1
|{{Increase}}5.7%
|{{Increase}}3.2%
|{{decreasePositive}}12.5%
|{{decreasePositive}}47.8%
|-
|2007
|{{Increase}}94.7
|{{Increase}}9,260
|{{increase}}40.8
|{{Increase}}6.3%
|{{Increase}}3.0%
|{{decreasePositive}}12.4%
|{{decreasePositive}}44.8%
|-
|2008
|{{Increase}}100.8
|{{Increase}}9,763
|{{increase}}47.0
|{{increase}}4.5%
|{{Increase}}4.3%
|{{Steady}}12.4%
|{{decreasePositive}}42.0%
|-
|2009
|{{Increase}}104.8
|{{Increase}}10,036
|{{decrease}}45.6
|{{increase}}3.1%
|{{Increase}}3.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}13.3%
|{{decreasePositive}}40.5%
|-
|2010
|{{Increase}}108.8
|{{Increase}}10,315
|{{increase}}46.2
|{{increase}}2.6%
|{{Increase}}3.3%
|{{decreasePositive}}13.0%
|{{decreasePositive}}39.2%
|-
|2011
|{{Increase}}108.9
|{{decrease}}10,204
|{{increase}}48.1
|{{decrease}}−1.9%
|{{Increase}}3.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}18.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}43.1%
|-
|2012
|{{Increase}}115.2
|{{Increase}}10,694
|{{decrease}}47.3
|{{increase}}3.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.1%
|{{decreasePositive}}16.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}47.7%
|-
|2013
|{{Increase}}120.0
|{{Increase}}11,020
|{{increase}}48.7
|{{Increase}}2.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.8%
|{{decreasePositive}}15.3%
|{{decreasePositive}}46.8%
|-
|2014
|{{Increase}}124.9
|{{Increase}}11,355
|{{increase}}50.3
|{{Increase}}2.3%
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{Steady}}15.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}51.6%
|-
|2015
|{{Increase}}127.6
|{{Increase}}11,487
|{{decrease}}45.8
|{{Increase}}1.1%
|{{Increase}}4.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15.4%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}54.8%
|-
|2016
|{{Increase}}130.5
|{{Increase}}11,448
|{{decrease}}44.4
|{{Increase}}1.0%
|{{Increase}}3.7%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}15.5%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}61.2%
|-
|2017
|{{Increase}}135.4
|{{Increase}}11,755
|{{decrease}}42.2
|{{Increase}}1.9%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}5.3%
|{{decreasePositive}}15.3%
|{{IncreaseNegative}}71.3%
|}