Editing Dwayne Johnson (section)

==Early life and education==
[[File:Freedom High School Gym (Bethlehem, Pennsylvania - 2008).jpg|thumb|As a senior at [[Freedom High School (Pennsylvania)|Freedom High School]] in [[Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania]], Johnson was a member of the school's [[High school football|football]], track and field, and [[Scholastic wrestling|wrestling]] teams when, he says, his "thought process started to change. That's when I started thinking about goals and what I wanted to accomplish."]] 
Johnson was born in [[Hayward, California]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/dwayne-johnson/ |title=Dwayne Johnson |work=[[Forbes]] |access-date=December 18, 2017 |archive-date=June 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607094250/https://www.forbes.com/profile/dwayne-johnson/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Barney |first=Chuck |date=January 27, 2021 |title=Sorry, Hayward, Johnson's TV show skips his time in the Bay Area |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/01/26/sorry-hayward-dwayne-johnsons-show-skips-over-his-time-in-the-bay-area/ |access-date=December 31, 2023 |website=The Mercury News |archive-date=December 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231221012/https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/01/26/sorry-hayward-dwayne-johnsons-show-skips-over-his-time-in-the-bay-area/ |url-status=live }}</ref> on May 2, 1972,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biography.com/people/dwayne-johnson-11818916 |title=Dwayne Johnson Biography: Film Actor, Athlete (1972–) |publisher=[[Biography.com]] ([[FYI (TV network)|FYI]] / [[A&E Networks]]) |access-date=December 12, 2017 |archive-date=December 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213142522/https://www.biography.com/people/dwayne-johnson-11818916 |url-status=live }}</ref> the son of Mataniufeagaimaleata "Ata" Fitisemanu (née Maivia)<ref name=rockyjohnsonbio>{{cite web |url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/rockyjohnson |title=Rocky Johnson: Hall of Fame |publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]] |access-date=March 31, 2011 |archive-date=May 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517102539/http://www.wwe.com/superstars/rockyjohnson |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Citation | year=2023 | title=What is The Rock's mother's real name? It's not Ata Johnson | url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/what-the-rock-s-mother-s-real-name-it-s-ata-johnson | access-date=December 11, 2023 | archive-date=December 11, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211183011/https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/what-the-rock-s-mother-s-real-name-it-s-ata-johnson | url-status=live }}</ref> and former professional wrestler [[Rocky Johnson]] (born Wayde Douglas Bowles).<ref name="islandconnections">{{cite web |url=http://www.islandconnections.com/edit/dwayne_johnson.htm |title=Dwayne Johnson – How The Rock Transformed from Pro Wrestler to Bankable Movie Star |access-date=December 29, 2006 |publisher=Island Connections |author=Morgan, Kaya |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829034426/http://www.islandconnections.com/edit/dwayne_johnson.htm |archive-date=August 29, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Levenson |first1=Michael |title=Rocky Johnson, Professional Wrestler and Father of Dwayne (the Rock) Johnson, Dies at 75 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/15/sports/rocky-johnson-dead.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116033004/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/15/sports/rocky-johnson-dead.html |archive-date=January 16, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=January 16, 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=January 15, 2020}}</ref> Growing up, he briefly lived in [[Grey Lynn]] in [[Auckland]], New Zealand, with his mother's family,<ref name="m&cbio">{{cite web |url=http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/archive/peoplearchive.php/The_Rock/biog |title=Actors – The Rock |access-date=April 21, 2008 |publisher=Monsters&Critics |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514174901/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/archive/peoplearchive.php/The_Rock/biog |archive-date=May 14, 2008}}</ref> where he played [[Rugby union|rugby]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 17, 2016|title=Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson: Rugby's the toughest sport I ever played|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/79022967/dwayne-the-rock-johnson-rugbys-the-toughest-sport-i-ever-played|access-date=July 14, 2020|website=Stuff|archive-date=July 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715005509/https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/rugby/79022967/dwayne-the-rock-johnson-rugbys-the-toughest-sport-i-ever-played|url-status=live}}</ref> and attended Richmond Road Primary School before returning to the U.S.<ref name="m&cbio" />

[[File:Rocky Johnson, circa 1983 02.jpg|thumb|left|upright=.5|Dwayne's father, [[Rocky Johnson]]]]
Johnson's father was a [[Black Nova Scotians|Black Nova Scotian]] with a small amount of Irish ancestry<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irishpost.com/entertainment/dwayne-johnson-irish-heritage-revealed-154204|title=Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson's Irish heritage revealed|website=Irishpost.com|date=May 2, 2018|access-date=January 19, 2021|archive-date=January 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127202559/https://www.irishpost.com/entertainment/dwayne-johnson-irish-heritage-revealed-154204|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://entertainment.ie/cinema/news/Watch-We-chat-to-Dwayne-Johnson-about-Hercules-getting-ripped-and-his-Irish-roots/274428.htm |title=Watch: We chat to Dwayne Johnson about Hercules, getting ripped and his Irish roots |last=Entertainment.ie |website=Entertainment.ie |access-date=December 28, 2017 |archive-date=December 29, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229052412/http://entertainment.ie/cinema/news/Watch-We-chat-to-Dwayne-Johnson-about-Hercules-getting-ripped-and-his-Irish-roots/274428.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tattrie |first1=Jon |title='How am I related to The Rock?' Nova Scotia boy's question sparks museum exhibit |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/dwayne-the-rock-johnson-amherst-nova-scotia-family-history-1.6352097 |website=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date=February 18, 2022 |access-date=April 20, 2024 |archive-date=April 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420023548/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/dwayne-the-rock-johnson-amherst-nova-scotia-family-history-1.6352097 |url-status=live }}</ref> and his mother is [[Samoa|Samoan]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Museum Corrects Dwayne Johnson Wax Figure Skin Tone: 'We Just Made an Honest Mistake' |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-news/dwayne-johnson-the-rock-wax-figure-skin-tone-updated-paris-museum-1234862090/ |magazine=Rolling Stone |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030010159/https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-news/dwayne-johnson-the-rock-wax-figure-skin-tone-updated-paris-museum-1234862090/ |archive-date=October 30, 2023 |date=October 25, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Rock urges skin tone change to wax figure in Paris museum |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-67193578 |website=BBC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026191526/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-67193578 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |date=October 23, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite tweet |author=Dwayne Johnson |user= TheRock |number= 1108202967671496704 |date=March 19, 2019 |title=I identify as exactly what I am - both. Equally proud. Black/Samoan. |link= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210530232035/https://twitter.com/TheRock/status/1108202967671496704 |archive-date=May 30, 2021 |quote= }}</ref> His father and [[Tony Atlas]] were the first black [[World tag team championship|tag team champions]] in [[World Wrestling Entertainment|WWE]] history, in 1983.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/inductees/rockyjohnson/bio/ |title=Superstars |website=Wwe.com |access-date=November 12, 2016 |archive-date=January 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116015443/https://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/inductees/rockyjohnson/bio |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Solomon>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WrFWKBBQzAAC |last=Solomon |first=Brian |title=WWE Legends |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=2006 |pages=146 |isbn=0-7434-9033-9}}</ref> Johnson's uncle Ricky was also a wrestler.<ref>{{cite web |author=Oliver, Greg |url=https://slamwrestling.net/index.php/2015/12/07/mat-matters-here-you-go-ricky-johnson/ |title=Mat Matters: Here you go, Ricky Johnson |access-date=September 3, 2024 |date=December 7, 2015 |work=SLAM! Wrestling |publisher=[[Canoe.com]] |archive-date=September 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240903125759/https://slamwrestling.net/index.php/2015/12/07/mat-matters-here-you-go-ricky-johnson/ |url-status=live }}</ref> His mother is the adopted daughter of [[Peter Maivia]], who was also a professional wrestler.<ref name=tsom>{{cite news |last=Young |first=Graham |title=The Rock's on a roll in Hollywood |newspaper=The Birmingham Post |date=April 10, 2010 |url=http://www.birminghampost.net/life-leisure-birmingham-guide/postfeatures/2009/04/10/the-rock-s-on-a-roll-in-hollywood-65233-23360885/ |access-date=November 10, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223202537/http://www.birminghampost.net/life-leisure-birmingham-guide/postfeatures/2009/04/10/the-rock-s-on-a-roll-in-hollywood-65233-23360885/ |archive-date=December 23, 2010}}</ref> Johnson's maternal grandmother [[Lia Maivia|Lia]] was one of the first female [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Promoter|pro wrestling promoters]], taking over [[50th State Big Time Wrestling|Polynesian Pacific Pro Wrestling]] after her husband's death in 1982 and managing it until 1988.<ref name=mh>{{cite news |title=Grandmother of 'The Rock,' promoter |first=Elinor J. |last=Brecher |newspaper=[[The Miami Herald]]| url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/116046769/obituary-for-leah-maivia/ |date=October 25, 2008}}</ref><ref name="yahoo">{{cite web |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/feature/through-the-years-the-rock.html |title=Through The Years – Dwayne 'Not Just The Rock' Johnson |date=March 12, 2008 |last=Crow |first=Jonathan |access-date=March 13, 2009 |publisher=Yahoo Movies |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316064529/http://movies.yahoo.com/feature/through-the-years-the-rock.html |archive-date=March 16, 2009}}</ref> Through his maternal grandfather Maivia, Johnson is a non-blood relative of the [[Anoaʻi family|Anoaʻi wrestling family]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/inductees/petermaivia/bio/ |title=Hall of Fame: High Chief Peter Maivia |publisher=[[WWE]] |quote=Maivia, born in Samoa in the 1930s, was a "blood brother" of the Anoaʻi family. |access-date=February 16, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220124422/http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/inductees/petermaivia/bio/ |archive-date=February 20, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=The Anoaʻi family wrestling dynasty: photos |newspaper=[[WWE]] |quote=High Chief Peter Maivia, The Rock's grandfather, was "blood brothers" with The Wild Samoans' father, Amituanai Anoaʻi. |url=http://www.wwe.com/inside/anoai-family-photos |access-date=November 29, 2015 |archive-date=December 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151205182030/http://www.wwe.com/inside/anoai-family-photos |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Sonny |first=Julian |title=Samoan Strength: The Rock's Family Tree Is A Wrestling Dynasty |newspaper=[[Elite Daily]] |date=November 16, 2015 |url=http://elitedaily.com/sports/the-rock-family-tree-infographic/1282191/ |access-date=November 29, 2015 |archive-date=November 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128051153/http://elitedaily.com/sports/the-rock-family-tree-infographic/1282191/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Pockross |first=Adam |title=The Rock's Grandfather Was a Bond Villain: Could It Be Another Family Business? |newspaper=[[Yahoo! Movies]] |quote=the "High Chief" is most often remembered as a prominent member of one of the greatest families in all of professional wrestling: the Anoaʻi/Maivia family of Samoans. |date=March 27, 2013 |url=https://www.yahoo.com/movies/bp/rock-grandfather-bond-villain-could-another-family-business-005014491.html |access-date=November 29, 2015 |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215021355/https://www.yahoo.com/movies/bp/rock-grandfather-bond-villain-could-another-family-business-005014491.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Wrestler 'Umaga' Edward Fatu dies of heart attack, friend says |newspaper=[[CNN]] |quote=[...]was a member of the famous Anoaʻi wrestling family, which includes cousin Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson, his two uncles, who wrestled as The Wild Samoans in the 1980s, and brothers, Sam "Tonga Kid" and Solofa Jr. "Rikishi," according to Wrestlers Rescue, a support group for retired professional wrestlers. |date=December 5, 2009 |url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/12/04/umaga.eddie.fatu/index.html |access-date=November 29, 2015 |archive-date=June 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190615031241/http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/12/04/umaga.eddie.fatu/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2008, he inducted his father and grandfather into the [[WWE Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/articles/rockathof |title=Johnson Family Reunion |publisher=WWE |date=February 25, 2008 |access-date=March 4, 2009 |archive-date=March 4, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304191537/http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/articles/rockathof |url-status=live }}</ref>

Johnson attended Montclaire Elementary School in [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], and then moved to [[Hamden, Connecticut]], where he attended Shepherd Glen Elementary School and then Hamden Middle School.<ref>{{Cite tweet|user=TheRock|number=1137049609610571776 |title=Wow check out my 8yr old AFRO!! I loved Montclaire Elementary!! Had my first crush (see what you could've had Eve??!) and was bullied by a punk and waited for him after school and punched him in the face. End of that, bs. Big love to all the kids and staff. #CharlotteNC |first=Dwayne |last=Johnson |date=June 7, 2019}}</ref><ref>[http://www.nhregister.com/news/article/NEW-HAVEN-200-Introducing-a-summer-series-11511479.php "NEW HAVEN 200: Introducing a summer series looking back on two centuries of sports"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052100/http://www.nhregister.com/news/article/NEW-HAVEN-200-Introducing-a-summer-series-11511479.php |date=December 22, 2017 }}, Chip Malafronte, [[New Haven Register]], June 23, 2012</ref> He attended [[President William McKinley High School]] in [[Honolulu]] and then [[Glencliff High School]] and [[McGavock High School]], both in [[Nashville, Tennessee]], and then [[Freedom High School (Pennsylvania)|Freedom High School]] in [[Bethlehem Township, Pennsylvania]], in the [[Lehigh Valley]] region of the state, where he graduated in 1990.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/2015/08/09/rock-remembers-nashville-past/31370895/ |title='The Rock' remembers Nashville past |website=The Tennessean |access-date=April 19, 2019 |archive-date=September 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930111917/https://www.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/2015/08/09/rock-remembers-nashville-past/31370895/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

At Freedom High School, Johnson initially struggled and was drawn into a culture of conflict and petty crime. By age 17, he had been arrested several times for fighting, theft, and check fraud, and was suspended two weeks for fighting.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/people/2014/09/17/dwayne-johnson-past-arrest-theft-ring/15761517/ |title=Dwayne Johnson talks past arrest and theft ring |website=azcentral |access-date=April 19, 2019 |archive-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412193700/https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/people/2014/09/17/dwayne-johnson-past-arrest-theft-ring/15761517/ |url-status=live }}</ref> An article in the local newspaper labeled him "a troubled teenager with a history of run-ins with police". But Freedom High School football coach Jody Cwik saw athletic potential in Johnson, and recruited him to join the school's football team, where he played [[defensive tackle]], an experience that proved to be a significant personal transformation for Johnson. "My thought process started to change. That's when I started thinking about goals and what I wanted to accomplish", he has since said about his high school football experience.<ref name="mcall.com"/> In addition to playing football, Johnson also was a member of Freedom High School's track and field and [[Scholastic wrestling|wrestling]] teams.<ref name="islandconnections" />

By his senior year at Freedom High School, Johnson had played only two years of football, but was offered a full athletic scholarship offer from the [[University of Miami]], whose [[Miami Hurricanes football|football program]] was beginning to emerge as one of the nation's top-level [[NCAA Division 1]] teams.<ref name="mcall.com" />