Editing Duke Kahanamoku (section)

==Family background==
According to Kahanamoku, he was born in [[Honolulu]] at [[Haleʻākala]], the home of [[Bernice Pauahi Bishop]], which was later converted into the Arlington Hotel.<!-- names of parents? --><ref name="Nendel">{{cite book |title=Duke Kahanamoku: Twentieth Century Hawaiian Nonarch |year=2006 |pages=1–13 |last1=Nendel |first1=James D. |last2=The Pennsylvania State University |publisher=Pennsylvania State University |isbn=0-542-84320-X |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rSKo0rK3xYsC }}{{Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

He was born into a family of [[Native Hawaiians]] headed by Duke Halapu Kahanamoku and Julia Paʻakonia Lonokahikina Paoa. He had five brothers, and three sisters. His brothers were [[Sargent Kahanamoku|Sargent]], [[Samuel Kahanamoku|Samuel]], David, William and Louis, all of whom participated in competitive aquatic sports. His sisters were Bernice, Kapiolani and Maria.<ref>{{cite news|last=Gee|first=Bill|title=Fabulous Kahanamoku Family|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/268978256/?terms=Kapiolani+Ornellas|accessdate=February 13, 2018|work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin{{Subscription required|via=Newspapers.com}}|date=April 18, 1953|page=20}}</ref>

"Duke" was not a title or a nickname, but a [[given name]]. He was named after his father, Duke Halapu Kahanamoku, who was christened by Bernice Pauahi Bishop in honor of [[Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh]], who was visiting Hawaii at the time. His father was a policeman. His mother Julia Pa{{okina}}akonia Lonokahikina Paoa was a deeply religious woman with a strong sense of family ancestry.

His parents were from prominent Hawaiian ''[[ohana]]'' (families). The Kahanamoku and the Paoa ohana were considered to be lower-ranking nobles, who were in service to the ''[[aliʻi]] nui'', or royalty.<ref name="Nendel"/> His paternal grandfather was Kahanamoku and his grandmother, Kapiolani Kaoeha (sometimes spelled ''Kahoea''), a descendant of [[Alapainui]]. They were ''kahu'', retainers and trusted advisors of the Kamehamehas, to whom they were related. His maternal grandparents Paoa, son of Paoa Hoolae and Hiikaalani, and Mele Uliama, were also of aliʻi descent.<ref name="Hall"/>{{rp|9}}<ref name="Brennan1968">{{cite book |last=Brennan |first=Joe |title=Duke of Hawaii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DBfTR8QtYHj8C |year=1968 |pages=74–76}}</ref>

In 1893, his family moved to [[Kālia]], Waikiki (near the present site of [[Hilton Hawaiian Village]]), to be closer to his mother's parents and family. Kahanamoku grew up with his siblings and 31 Paoa cousins.<ref name="Hall"/>{{rp|17}} He attended the Waikiki Grammar School, Kaahumanu School, and the [[Kamehameha Schools]], although he never graduated because he had to quit to help support the family.<ref name="Gardiner">{{cite web |url=http://www.calodges.org/ncrl/duke-k.html |title=Duke Kahanamoku Paoa |author=Herbert G. Gardiner, PGS, Grand Historian |access-date=March 22, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928063018/http://www.calodges.org/ncrl/duke-k.html |archive-date=September 28, 2011}}</ref>