Editing Draugr (section)

== Etymology ==
The Old Norse word ''draugr'' (initially ''draugʀ'', see [[ʀ]]), in the sense of the undead creature, is hypothetically traced to an unrecorded {{langx|proto=yes|gem-x-proto|*draugaz}}, meaning "delusion, illusion, mirage" etc, from a ''*dreuganą'' ("to mislead, deceive"), ultimately from a [[Proto-Indo European]] stem {{lang|ine-x-proto|*dʰrowgʰos}} ("phantom"), from {{lang|ine-x-proto|dʰréwgʰ-s}} ~ {{lang|ine-x-proto|dʰrugʰ-és}} ("deceive").<ref name="eiec">{{Cite encyclopedia |first1=Edgar C. |last1=Polomé |first2=Douglas Q. |last2=Adams |editor-first1=J. P. |editor-last1=Mallory |editor-first2=Douglas Q. |editor-last2=Adams |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture]] |title=Spirit |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=1997 |page=538}}</ref> Cognates includes {{langx|sv|bedraga}} ("to deceive"), {{langx|nds|drog}} ("impostor, scoundrel"), {{lang|nds|dregen}} ("to deceive"), {{langx|goh|bitrog}} ("delusion"), {{lang|goh|gitrog}} ("illusion, mirage, ghost"), {{langx|de|Trug}} ("deception, delusion, illusion"), {{langx|nl|bedrog}} ("deceit, deception"), {{langx|osx|gidrog}} ("delusion"), {{langx|cy|drwg}} ("bad, evil"), {{langx|ga|droc}} ("bad, evil"), {{langx|br|droug}}, {{lang|br|drouk}} ("bad, evil"), {{langx|sa|द्रुह्}}, ''drúh'' ("injury, harm, offence"), {{lang|sa|द्रोघ}}, ''drógha'' ("deceitful, untrue, misleading"), {{langx|peo|𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥}}, ''drauga'' ("deceit, deception"), {{lang|peo|𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎩𐎴}}, ''draujana'' ("deceptive, deceitful, misleading"), ultimately from the same root as 'dream', from a [[Proto-Indo European]] {{lang|ine-x-proto|dʰrowgʰ-mos}} ("deceit, illusion").<ref name="JER102"/><ref name="SAOB bedraga">{{cite web |title=bedraga v.3 |url=https://www.saob.se/artikel/?unik=B_0521-0103.3U1H&pz=5 |website=saob.se |publisher=[[Svenska Akademiens ordbok]] (SAOB) |access-date=2024-12-02}}</ref>

{{langx|sco|drow}}, {{lang|sco|trow}} ("evil spirit, troll"), appears related, possibly via a unrecorded {{langx|nrn|*drog}} ("draugr"), but also effected by {{langx|non|trǫll}} ("troll"), which at the time was different and more ambiguous than today and rather meant something akin to magical creature of ill will, even being used figuratively for draugr. Further, the Swedish form ''drög'' has also acquired the meaning of "nut" (idiot);<ref name="JER102"/> compare with {{langx|da|drog}} ("a good-for-nothing"), {{langx|sco|draighie}}, {{lang|sco|draich}}, {{lang|sco|draick}} ("a lazy, lumpish, useless person"), {{lang|sco|draich}} ("slow, spiritless").<ref name="JER102"/><ref name="dsl draich">{{cite web |title=DRAICH, Draick |url=https://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/draich |website=dsl.ac.uk |publisher=Scottish National Dictionary (1700–) |access-date=2024-12-02}}</ref>