Editing Dog breed (section)

==First dog breeds==
{{see also|Cultural depictions of dogs in Western art#Early history}}
[[File:Engagé mit einem indianischen Hundeschlitten by Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.9|[[Sled dog]] types, sketched in 1833]]
[[File:Tesem2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Tesem]], an ancient Egyptian sight-hound]]

In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now [[Zhokhov Island]], arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time. The dogs were selectively bred as either sled dogs or as hunting dogs, which implies that a sled dog standard and a hunting dog standard existed at that time. The optimal maximum size for a sled dog is {{convert|20-25|kg|lb|abbr=on}} based on thermo-regulation, and the ancient sled dogs were between {{convert|16–25|kg|lb|abbr=on}}. The same standard has been found in the remains of sled dogs from this region 2,000 years ago and in the modern [[Siberian Husky]] breed standard. Other dogs were larger at {{convert|30|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and appear to be dogs that had been crossed with wolves and used for polar-bear hunting.<ref name=pitulko2017/>

Between 3,000 and 4,000 years ago [[greyhound]]-types of dogs were depicted on pottery and paintings in Egypt and Western Asia. [[Mastiff]]-type dogs were kept for guarding and hunting, and short-legged dogs were also bred.<ref>Clutton-Brock, J., 1995. [https://books.google.com/books?id=I8HU_3ycrrEC&dq=Origins+of+the+dog%3A+domestication+and+early+history+%2F%E2%80%8B+Juliet+Clutton-Brock&pg=PA7 Origins of the dog: domestication and early history]. In:Serpell, J. (Ed.), The Domestic Dog, its Evolution, Behaviour and Interactions with People. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 16–20</ref> Most modern dog breeds are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830–1900),<ref name="Atlas of Dog Breeds of the World">{{cite book |title=Atlas of Dog Breeds of the World |edition=5th |first1=Bonnie |last1=Wilcox |first2=Chris |last2=Walkowicz |isbn=978-0793812844 |location=Neptune City, NJ Lanham, MD |type=Print |pages=912 |date=March 1995 |publisher=TFH Publications, Inc.}}</ref><ref name="American Kennel Club 2006">{{cite book|author=American Kennel Club|title=Complete Dog Book|publisher=Ballantine Books; 20 edition|year=2006|isbn=978-0345476265}}</ref> and the accurate documenting of pedigrees with the establishment of the English Kennel Club in 1873 in imitation of other stud book registries for cattle and horses.<ref>{{cite book|author-link= Anne Rogers Clark|author1=Clark, Annie Rodgers |author2=Brace, Andrew H.|title= The International Encyclopedia of Dogs|year= 1995|publisher= Howell Book House|location= New York|isbn= 978-0-87605-624-0|pages= 8|quote= In the strictest sense, dog breeds date back only to the last couple of decades of the nineteenth century, or to more recent decades in this (the twentieth) century but distinct types of dogs have existed centuries earlier.}}</ref>