Editing Demographics of Ukraine (section)

== History ==  
=== Historical Population ===  
There were roughly four million Ukrainians at the end of the 17th century.<ref name="Subtelny2000">Subtelny, Orest. ''Ukraine: A History''. University of Toronto Press, 2000, p. 152.</ref> However, population estimates from this period are approximate and may vary depending on methodology and available records.  

The estimated population figures for Ukraine in the early 20th century are based on various sources. The 1931 population statistics were estimated by Professor Zenon Kuzelia,<ref name="Kuzelia1931">Kuzelia, Zenon. ''Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia Vol. 1''. University of Toronto Press, 1989, p. 134.</ref> as an official census was not conducted in Soviet Ukraine during that year.  

=== Population Change ===  

The following graph represents Ukraine's population trends since the early 20th century.  

{{GraphChart  
| type=rect | x=Year | y=Population | yAxisTitle=Population (millions)  
| title=Population of Ukraine (1926–2020)  
| width=600 | height=300  
| data=  
1926 29.0  
1939 40.5  
1959 42.1  
1970 47.1  
1979 49.8  
1989 51.7  
2001 48.5  
2014 45.4  
2020 41.7  
}}  

Data for 1926–2001 is based on official Soviet and Ukrainian censuses.<ref name="UkrCensus">State Statistics Service of Ukraine. ''Population Censuses in Ukraine''. Retrieved January 5, 2025.</ref> The 2014 and 2020 figures are adjusted estimates, excluding Crimea and occupied territories in Donbas.<ref name="UNStats2023">United Nations. ''World Population Prospects 2023''. Retrieved February 1, 2025.</ref>  

=== Natural Change and Migration ===  

The natural population change, migration trends, and fertility rates are shown below:  

{{GraphChart  
| type=line | x=Year | y1=NaturalChange | y2=NetMigration | y3=FertilityRate  
| yAxisTitle=Rate per 1,000 people  
| title=Natural Change, Net Migration, and Fertility Rate in Ukraine (1990–2023)  
| width=600 | height=300  
| data=  
Year NaturalChange NetMigration FertilityRate  
1990 1.2 0.5 1.89  
2000 -5.9 -7.2 1.09  
2010 -4.1 -0.7 1.52  
2020 -6.5 -3.1 1.23  
2023 -8.2 -5.4 1.07  
}}  

Natural population change and migration data are sourced from the Ukrainian State Statistics Service.<ref name="UkrStats2024">State Statistics Service of Ukraine. ''Demographic Reports 2024''. Retrieved January 5, 2025.</ref> The fertility rate figures are derived from United Nations estimates.<ref name="UNFertility2023">United Nations Population Division. ''Fertility Rate Estimates 2023''. Retrieved February 1, 2025.</ref>  

=== Notes ===  

* The population estimate for the 17th century is approximate and based on historical demographic models.  
* The 1931 population figure is not from an official census but from an academic estimate.  
* Post-2014 population figures exclude Crimea and parts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions under occupation.