Editing Demographics of Thailand (section)

== Population size and structure ==
[[File:Population development in Thailand.jpg|thumb|450px|Thailand's population (1951–2015).]]

===Population===
The population of Thailand is approximately 69.7 million people, with an annual growth rate of about 0.3 percent. In addition to Thais, it includes ethnic Chinese, Malay, Lao, Burmese, Cambodians, and Indians, among others. The 2010 decennial census revealed a population of 65,981,600 (up from 60,916,441 in 2000). Post-census adjustments are being made to lower reporting errors.

Thailand's population is mostly rural. It is concentrated in the rice growing areas of the central, northeastern, and northern regions. Its urban population—principally in greater Bangkok—was 45.7 percent of the total population in 2010 according to [[National Economic and Social Development Board]] (NESDB). Accurate statistics are difficult to arrive at, as millions of Thai migrate from rural areas to cities, then return to their place of origin to help with seasonal field work. Officially they have rural residency, but spend most of the year in urban areas.{{Citation needed|date=October 2016}}

Thailand's successful government-sponsored [[family planning]] program has resulted in a decline in population growth from 3.1 percent in 1960 to around 0.4 percent in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thailand Population Growth Rate 1950–2021|url=https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/THA/thailand/population-growth-rate|access-date=2021-03-09|website=www.macrotrends.net}}</ref> The [[World Bank]] forecasts a contraction of the working-age population of about 10 percent between 2010 and 2040.<ref name=WB-2016 />{{RP|4,6}} In 1970, an average of 5.7 people lived in a Thai household. At the time of the 2010 census, the figure was down to 3.2. Even though Thailand has one of the better social security systems in Asia, the increasing population of elderly people is a challenge for the country.<ref name=WB-2016>{{cite book|title=Live Long and Prosper; Aging in East Asia and Pacific|date=2016|publisher=World Bank|location=Washington, DC|isbn=978-1-4648-0470-0|url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/23133/9781464804694.pdf|access-date=18 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Dombrowski|first1=Katja|title=Modernity has arrived|url=http://www.dandc.eu/en/article/population-growth-thailand-close-zero-and-average-age-across-nation-rising|access-date=2015-01-05|website=D+C Development and Cooperation|date=2013-10-03}}</ref>

[[Life expectancy]] has risen, a reflection of Thailand's efforts to implement effective public health policies. The Thai [[AIDS]] epidemic had a major impact on the Thai population. In 2022, over 500,000 Thai were HIV or AIDS positive, approximately 1.1% of adult men and 0.9% of adult women. Every year, 30,000–50,000 Thai die from HIV or AIDS-related illnesses. Ninety percent of them are ages 20–24, the youngest range of the workforce. An aggressive public education campaign begun in the early-1990s reduced the number of new HIV infections from 150,000 to under 10,000 annually.<ref name="UNAIDS-2016">{{cite web|title=Country Factsheets: Thailand, 2016|url=http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/thailand|website=[[UNAIDS]]|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref>
The leading cause of death among the age cohort under 15 years of age: drowning. A study by the Child Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Centre of [[Ramathibodi Hospital]] revealed that more than 1,400 youths under 15 years old died from drowning each year, or an average four deaths a day, becoming the top cause of deaths of children, even exceeding that of motorbike deaths. Thailand's Disease Control Department estimates that only 23 percent of Thai children under 15 can swim.<ref>{{cite news|title=More parents send children to learn swimming as drowning topping cause of deaths among youths under 15|url=http://englishnews.thaipbs.or.th/more-parents-send-children-to-learn-swimming-as-drowning-topping-cause-of-deaths-among-youths-under-15-2|access-date=28 Mar 2015|work=ThaiPBS|date=2015-03-16|archive-date=2015-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326033733/http://englishnews.thaipbs.or.th/more-parents-send-children-to-learn-swimming-as-drowning-topping-cause-of-deaths-among-youths-under-15-2|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Ministry of Public Health (Thailand)|Public Health Ministry]] said that from 2006 to 2015, 10,923 children drowned. Of the 8.3 million children aged 5–14 nationwide, only two million can swim, according to the Public Health Ministry.<ref>{{cite news|title=Water tops child killer list|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1038773/water-tops-child-killer-list|access-date=19 July 2016|work=Bangkok Post|date=19 July 2016}}</ref>

The [[United Nations]] classifies Thailand as an "aging society" (one-tenth of the population above 60), on track to become an "aged society" (one-fifth of the population above 60) by 2025. The [[Ministry of Finance (Thailand)#Dependent departments|Fiscal Policy Office]] projects that the number of Thais aged 60-plus will increase from 14 percent in 2016 to 17.5 percent in 2020, 21.2 percent in 2025, and 25.2 percent in 2030.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Paweewun|first1=Oranan|last2=Sirimai|first2=Pawee|title=Resetting the economy|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/business/news/1132489/resetting-the-economy|access-date=12 November 2016|work=Bangkok Post|date=11 November 2016}}</ref> {{As of|2016}} it is estimated that there are 94,000 employees aged 60 years or more in the workforce.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Theparat|first1=Chatrudee|title=Somkid presses for Thailand 4.0 labour reforms|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/business/news/1135549/somkid-presses-for-thailand-4-0-labour-reforms|access-date=15 November 2016|work=Bangkok Post|date=15 November 2016}}</ref>

{{GraphChart
| width = 420
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= million
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= 57.8, 58.3, 59.1, 59.5, 60.1, 60.8, 61.5, 61.7, 61.9, 62.3, 62.8, 63.1, 62, 62.4, 62.8, 63, 63.4, 63.5, 63.9, 64.1, 64.5, 64.5, 65.1, 65.7, 65.9, 66.2, 66.4, 66.6, 66.2, 66.2, 66.1

| y1Title= population (million)

}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 550
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=0
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

| y1= 16.2, 14.5, 14.4, 13.9, 12.2, 11.8, 11.9, 12.5, 12.3, 12.0, 11.6, 11.1, 10.7, 10.1,9.8, 9.6, 6.4, 6.6, 6.7, 6.4, 5.7, 6.7, 6.6, 6.5, 6.4, 6.1, 5.9, 5.5, 5.7, 5.7, 5.0, 4.2, 4.3, 3.4, 3.5, 2.9, 1.7, 1.3, −0.3, −1.4

| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000)
}}

{{GraphChart
| width = 550
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= TFR
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=2.1
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line

| x = 1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= 3.02, 2.70, 2.57, 2.45, 2.35, 2.26, 2.18, 2.11, 2.06, 1.98, 1.89, 1.84, 1.81, 1.85, 1.69, 1.69, 1.51, 1.53, 1.54, 1.53, 1.47, 1.55, 1.55, 1.53, 1.54, 1.51, 1.47, 1.49, 1.55, 1.56, 1.46, 1.41, 1.45, 1.39, 1.38, 1.36, 1.25, 1.18, 1.09, 1.0

| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}

===Age structure===
{{Hidden begin
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2012) (Unrevised data.)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook |website=UN Data |publisher=United Nations |access-date=4 December 2015}}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 33 328 645
| align="right" | 34 583 075
| align="right" | 67 911 720
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 2 041 071
| align="right" | 1 938 793
| align="right" | 3 979 864
| align="right" | 5.86
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 2 353 198
| align="right" | 2 270 890
| align="right" | 4 624 088
| align="right" | 6.81
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 2 438 774
| align="right" | 2 327 414
| align="right" | 4 766 188
| align="right" | 7.02
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 2 593 629
| align="right" | 2 473 402
| align="right" | 5 067 031
| align="right" | 7.46
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 2 673 846
| align="right" | 2 563 359
| align="right" | 5 237 205
| align="right" | 7.71
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 2 673 201
| align="right" | 2 588 947
| align="right" | 5 262 148
| align="right" | 7.75
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 2 683 015
| align="right" | 2 637 945
| align="right" | 5 320 960
| align="right" | 7.84
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 2 673 404
| align="right" | 2 759 416
| align="right" | 5 432 820
| align="right" | 8.00
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 2 672 891
| align="right" | 2 870 531
| align="right" | 5 543 422
| align="right" | 8.16
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 2 574 423
| align="right" | 2 769 676
| align="right" | 5 344 099
| align="right" | 7.87
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 2 315 177
| align="right" | 2 503 566
| align="right" | 4 818 743
| align="right" | 7.10
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 1 854 719
| align="right" | 2 052 030
| align="right" | 3 906 749
| align="right" | 5.75
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 1 347 251
| align="right" | 1 534 691
| align="right" | 2 881 942
| align="right" | 4.24
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 963 728
| align="right" | 1 154 984
| align="right" | 2 118 712
| align="right" | 3.12
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 695 434
| align="right" | 908 033
| align="right" | 1 603 467
| align="right" | 2.36
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 451 737
| align="right" | 659 684
| align="right" | 1 111 421
| align="right" | 1.64
|-
| align="right" | 80+
| align="right" | 323 147
| align="right" | 569 714
| align="right" | 892 861
| align="right" | 1.31
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 6 833 043
| align="right" | 6 537 097
| align="right" | 13 370 140
| align="right" | 19.69
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 24 061 556
| align="right" | 24 753 563
| align="right" | 48 815 119
| align="right" | 71.88
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 2 434 046
| align="right" | 3 292 415
| align="right" | 5 726 461
| align="right" | 8.43
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

{{Hidden begin
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Data refer to national projections.): <ref>{{cite web | url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/ | title=UNSD—Demographic and Social Statistics}}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 32 128 245
| align="right" | 34 406 439
| align="right" | 66 534 684
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 1 820 722
| align="right" | 1 738 061
| align="right" | 3 558 783
| align="right" | 5.35
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 1 928 856
| align="right" | 1 842 729
| align="right" | 3 771 584
| align="right" | 5.67
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 1 994 908
| align="right" | 1 899 797
| align="right" | 3 894 705
| align="right" | 5.85
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 2 173 180
| align="right" | 2 087 943
| align="right" | 4 261 123
| align="right" | 6.40
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 2 318 425
| align="right" | 2 248 622
| align="right" | 4 567 047
| align="right" | 6.86
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 2 328 514
| align="right" | 2 291 449
| align="right" | 4 619 964
| align="right" | 6.94
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 2 195 078
| align="right" | 2 192 481
| align="right" | 4 387 559
| align="right" | 6.59
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 2 285 522
| align="right" | 2 332 154
| align="right" | 4 617 676
| align="right" | 6.94
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 2 519 395
| align="right" | 2 633 740
| align="right" | 5 153 134
| align="right" | 7.75
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 2 556 501
| align="right" | 2 723 677
| align="right" | 5 280 178
| align="right" | 7.94
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 2 605 281
| align="right" | 2 844 482
| align="right" | 5 449 763
| align="right" | 8.19
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 2 320 628
| align="right" | 2 612 319
| align="right" | 4 932 947
| align="right" | 7.41
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 1 879 079
| align="right" | 2 222 128
| align="right" | 4 101 207
| align="right" | 6.16
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 1 397 242
| align="right" | 1 777 088
| align="right" | 3 174 330
| align="right" | 4.77
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 855 143
| align="right" | 1 207 640
| align="right" | 2 062 783
| align="right" | 3.10
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 508 729
| align="right" | 825 715
| align="right" | 1 334 444
| align="right" | 2.01
|-
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 269 850
| align="right" | 508 932
| align="right" | 778 781
| align="right" | 1.17
|-
| align="right" | 85–89
| align="right" | 126 009
| align="right" | 284 038
| align="right" | 410 047
| align="right" | 0.62
|-
| align="right" | 90–94
| align="right" | 37 824
| align="right" | 103 801
| align="right" | 141 625
| align="right" | 0.21
|-
| align="right" | 95–99
| align="right" | 6 640
| align="right" | 25 425
| align="right" | 32 066
| align="right" | 0.05
|-
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 719
| align="right" | 4 219
| align="right" | 4 938
| align="right" | 0.01
|-
! width="50"|Age group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 5 744 486
| align="right" | 5 480 587
| align="right" | 11 225 073
| align="right" | 16.87
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 23 181 603
| align="right" | 24 188 994
| align="right" | 47 370 597
| align="right" | 71.20
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 3 202 156
| align="right" | 4 736 858
| align="right" | 7 939 014
| align="right" | 11.93
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}