Editing Demographics of Spain (section)

==History==
Notable events in modern Spanish demography:
* 1808–1814. [[Peninsular War]] and Spanish War of Independence: 0.24–0.4–1.0 million deaths.
* Late 19th century and early 20th century: Relative economic stagnation and mass emigration to American countries.
* 1918. [[1918 flu pandemic|Flu pandemic]], over 200,000 dead in Spain.
* 1936. Start of the [[Spanish Civil War]].
* 1939. End of the Civil War. Establishment of a [[Francoist Spain|dictatorship]], start of [[rationing]] policies. Deepening of [[Great Depression|economic depression]], mass emigration to European and American countries due to economic and political motives (Republican exile).
* 1941. Approval of benefits for large families with at least four children.<ref name="todopapas">{{Cite web |last=todopapas |title=La evolución de las familias numerosas |url=https://www.todopapas.com/ |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=www.todopapas.com |language=es}}</ref>
* 1945. Establishment of tax deductions for parents.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fernández |first=Celia Valiente |title=Forgetting the past: The familiar policy of Spain (1975-1996) |url=http://e-archivo.uc3m.es/bitstream/handle/10016/5416/olvidando_valiente_GAPP_1996.pdf?sequence=1 |publisher=Charles III University of Madrid}}</ref>
* 1952. End of rationing policies.
* 1975. End of the dictatorship, mass return of emigrated people.
* 1977. Legalization of contraception. [[Demographic transition|Decline of birth rates]].
* 1985. Legalization of [[abortion in Spain|abortion]].
* 1988. After centuries of net negative migration, the first events of [[illegal immigration]] from Africa occur.<ref>{{Cite web |title=La primera patera llegó a Canarias hace 20 años |url=https://www.publico.es/actualidad/primera-patera-llego-canarias-20.html |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=www.publico.es|date=13 September 2008 }}</ref>
* 1991. Spain becomes a net receiver of migrants after decades of [[Spanish diaspora|mass emigration]].<ref>{{cite web |date=7 July 2014 |title=Saldo migratorio en España desde 1940 / Net migration in Spain since 1940 |url=http://www.perpe.es/2014/07/07/es4714/}}</ref>
* 1994. Lowering of threshold of requirements to become a large family: only three children needed.<ref name="todopapas" />
* 2000-2009. Mass migration from Latin America, Romania and other countries, coupled with a moderate increase of the fertility rate, results in a large population in the first ten years of the 21st century.
* 2007. Approval of €2,500 benefit for births.
* 2010. Legalization of elective abortion.
* 2011. Withdrawal of the €2,500 benefit for births.
* 2015. First negative natural change since the Civil War due to the [[Aging of Europe|aging of Spanish population]].
* 2018. Population begins to grow again, thanks to the growth of immigration from abroad. 

The population of Spain doubled during the twentieth century as a result of the demographic boom in the 1960s and early 1970s. After that time, the birth rate fell during the 1980s and Spain's population growth stalled.

Many demographers have linked Spain's very low fertility rate to the country's lack of a family support policy. Spain spends the least on family support out of all western European countries—0.5% of GDP. A graphic illustration of the enormous social gulf in this field is the fact{{Citation needed|date=December 2008}} that a Spanish family would need to have 57 children to enjoy the same financial support as a family with 3 children in Luxembourg{{Citation needed|date=June 2022}}.

{{Citation needed|date=August 2008}}

During the early 2000s, the mean year-on-year demographic growth set a new record with its 2003 peak variation of 2.1%, doubling the previous record reached back in the 1960s when a mean year-on-year growth of 1% was experienced.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2006 |title=Official report on Spanish recent Macroeconomics, including data and comments on immigration |url=http://www.la-moncloa.es/NR/rdonlyres/2E85E75E-E2D9-4148-B1DF-950B06696A6C/74823/Chapter_2.PDF |url-status=dead |journal=National Reform Program |volume=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726044742/http://www.la-moncloa.es/NR/rdonlyres/2E85E75E-E2D9-4148-B1DF-950B06696A6C/74823/Chapter_2.PDF |archive-date=2008-07-26 |access-date=2022-11-25 |via=la-moncloa.es}}</ref> In 2005 alone, the immigrant population of Spain increased by 700,000 people.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/axi?AXIS_PATH%3D%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F%26FILE_AXIS%3D04001.px%26CGI_DEFAULT%3D%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Fcgi.opt%26COMANDO%3DSELECCION%26CGI_URL%3D%2Finebase%2Fcgi%2F |title=Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Base de datos INEbase |access-date=29 September 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929140743/http://www.ine.es/inebase/cgi/axi?AXIS_PATH=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp08%2Fl0%2F&FILE_AXIS=04001.px&CGI_DEFAULT=%2Finebase%2Ftemas%2Fcgi.opt&COMANDO=SELECCION&CGI_URL=%2Finebase%2Fcgi%2F |archive-date=29 September 2007 }}</ref>

The arrival of migrating young adults was the main reason for the slight increase in Spain's [[fertility rate]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Evolution of the global fertility rate between 1975 and 2005 |url=http://www.ine.es/inebase2/tabla.jsp?searchString=&L=0&idTabla=18&periodicidad=12&unidades=Nacidos+por+1000+mujeres+de+15+a+49+a%F1os&diviDescripcion=Indicadores+Demogr%E1ficos+B%E1sicos&divi=IDB&capitulo=Natalidad+y+Fecundidad&tabla=Tasa+global+de+fecundidad%2C+por+1000+mujeres.+Total+nacional+y+comunidades+aut%F3nomas&his=0 |access-date=2022-11-25 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística |archive-date=29 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929142153/http://www.ine.es/inebase2/tabla.jsp?searchString=&L=0&idTabla=18&periodicidad=12&unidades=Nacidos+por+1000+mujeres+de+15+a+49+a%F1os&diviDescripcion=Indicadores+Demogr%E1ficos+B%E1sicos&divi=IDB&capitulo=Natalidad+y+Fecundidad&tabla=Tasa+global+de+fecundidad,+por+1000+mujeres.+Total+nacional+y+comunidades+aut%F3nomas&his=0 |url-status=dead }}</ref> From 2002 through 2008 the Spanish population grew by 8%, of whom 75% were foreign.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.es/20080804/nacional-sociedad/nuevos-habitantes-espana-extranjero-200808042246.html|title=El 75% de los nuevos habitantes de España es extranjero, según un estudio - Nacional_Sociedad - Nacional - ABC.es|last=ABC|website=ABC|date=4 August 2008}}</ref>