Editing Demographics of Russia (section)

== Population ==
Demographic statistics according to the latest Rosstat vital statistics<ref name = "Rosstat latest vital movements">{{Cite web|url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/313|title=Росстат — Новости Росстата|website=rosstat.gov.ru|access-date=19 October 2021|archive-date=23 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923035831/https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/313|url-status=live}}</ref> and the World Population Review in 2019.<ref name="WPR 2018">{{citation |title=Russia Population 2018 |url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/russia-population/ |website=World Population Review |access-date=18 July 2018 |archive-date=7 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407190607/http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/russia-population/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* One birth every 22 seconds<ref name="Rosstat latest vital movements" />
* One death every 13 seconds<ref name="Rosstat latest vital movements" />
* Net loss of one person every 30 seconds<ref name="Rosstat latest vital movements" />

=== Demographic crisis  ===
{{See also|Aging of Russia}}
[[File:Deserted village at Sukhona River.jpg|thumb|Thousands of abandoned villages are scattered across Russia<ref>{{cite news |date=2 May 2014 |title=Russia's decaying villages |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2014/5/2/russias-decaying-villages |work=Al Jazeera |archive-date=1 July 2023 |access-date=9 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701145913/https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2014/5/2/russias-decaying-villages |url-status=live }}</ref>.]]
[[File:Population of Russia-rus.PNG|thumb|Total population of Russia 1950–2010]]
After having peaked at 148,689,000 in 1991, the population then decreased, falling to 142,737,196 by 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cbsd.gks.ru/|title=Интерактивная витрина|website=cbsd.gks.ru|access-date=16 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170130012026/http://cbsd.gks.ru/|archive-date=30 January 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Russia has become increasingly reliant on immigration to maintain its population; 2021 had the highest net immigration since 1994,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2022/0937/barom01.php |title=Миграция в России, предварительные итоги 2021 года (Migration in Russia, preliminary results of 2021) |publisher=Институт демографии НИУ ВШЭ имени А.Г. Вишневского (Institute of Demography, National Research University A.G. Vishnevsky) |date=2022 |access-date=2022-03-26 |archive-date=27 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527114106/http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2022/0937/barom01.php |url-status=live }}</ref> despite which there was a small overall decline from 146.1 million to 145.4 million in 2021, the largest decline in over a decade.<ref name="interfaxru2022">{{cite web |url=https://interfax.com/newsroom/top-stories/75708/ |title=Natural population decrease in Russia down by 21% in Jan 2022 vs Jan 2021, but twice higher than in Jan 2020 – Rosstat |date=6 March 2022 |publisher=Interfax News Agency |access-date=2022-03-26 |archive-date=12 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212161240/https://interfax.com/newsroom/top-stories/75708/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[Rate of natural increase|natural population]] had declined by 997,000 between October 2020 and September 2021 (the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths over a period).<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/13/russias-population-undergoes-largest-ever-peacetime-decline |title=Russia's population undergoes largest ever peacetime decline |first=Pjotr |last=Sauer |date=13 October 2021 |work=The Guardian |access-date=13 October 2021 |archive-date=13 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211013112949/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/13/russias-population-undergoes-largest-ever-peacetime-decline |url-status=live }}</ref> The natural death rate in January 2020, 2021, and 2022 have each been nearly double the natural birth rate.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://interfax.com/newsroom/top-stories/75708/ |title=Natural population decrease in Russia down by 21% in Jan 2022 vs Jan 2021, but twice higher than in Jan 2020 – Rosstat |date=6 March 2022 |publisher=Interfax News Agency |access-date=9 August 2023 |archive-date=12 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212161240/https://interfax.com/newsroom/top-stories/75708/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Following the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]] in 2022, the demographic crisis in the country has deepened,<ref>{{cite news |title=Russia stares into population abyss as Putin sends its young men to die |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2023/02/26/russia-stares-population-abyss-putin-sends-young-men-die/ |work=The Telegraph |date=26 February 2023 |archive-date=30 December 2023 |access-date=9 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230083717/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2023/02/26/russia-stares-population-abyss-putin-sends-young-men-die/ |url-status=live }}</ref> as the country has allegedly suffered high [[Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War|military fatalities]] while facing renewed [[human capital flight]] and brain drain caused by Western mass-sanctions and boycotts.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/8c576a9c-ba65-4fb1-967a-fc4fa5457c62 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/8c576a9c-ba65-4fb1-967a-fc4fa5457c62 |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription|title=Ukraine war threatens to deepen Russia's demographic crisis|date=4 April 2022|last1=Cocco|first1=Federica|last2=Ivanonva|first2=Polina|work=[[Financial Times]]|access-date=6 October 2022|location=London}}</ref> Many commentators predict that the situation will be worse than during the 1990s.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://jamestown.org/program/russias-demographic-collapse-is-accelerating/|title=Russia's Demographic Collapse Is Accelerating|last=Goble|first=Paul|volume=19|issue=127|date=18 August 2022|location=Washington, D.C.|journal=Eurasia Daily Monitor|publisher=[[Jamestown Foundation]]|archive-date=21 October 2023|access-date=9 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021105942/https://jamestown.org/program/russias-demographic-collapse-is-accelerating/|url-status=live}}</ref> Although, a large part of the emigrants have returned home to Russia in a continuing process.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/russia-eurasia/politika/2024/07/russian-emigration-in-flux?lang=en |title=Should I Stay or Should I Go? Russian Emigration in Flux |work=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]] |location=Washington, D.C. |date=11 July 2024 |last1=Kamalov |first1=Emil |last2=Sergeeva |first2=Ivetta |access-date=8 March 2025 |archive-date=26 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250226202210/https://carnegieendowment.org/russia-eurasia/politika/2024/07/russian-emigration-in-flux?lang=en |url-status=live }}</ref>

In March 2023 ''The Economist'' reported that "Over the past three years the country has lost around 2 million more people than it would ordinarily have done, as a result of war [in Ukraine], [[COVID-19 pandemic in Russia|disease]] and [[Russian emigration following the Russian invasion of Ukraine|exodus]]."<ref name="economist-2023">{{cite news |title=Russia's population nightmare is going to get even worse |url=https://www.economist.com/europe/2023/03/04/russias-population-nightmare-is-going-to-get-even-worse |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=4 March 2023 |archive-date=11 March 2023 |access-date=9 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311153739/https://www.economist.com/europe/2023/03/04/russias-population-nightmare-is-going-to-get-even-worse |url-status=live }}</ref>

The UN is projecting that the decline that started in 2021 will continue, and if current demographic conditions persist, Russia's population will be 120 million in 50 years, a decline of about 17%.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=World Population Prospects 2022, Standard Projections, Compact File, Variant tab, Total Population, as of 1 January column |url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/ |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division |access-date=9 August 2023 |archive-date=11 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711213112/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="economist-2023"/> In January 2024, the Russian statistics agency [[Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)|Rosstat]] predicted that Russia's population could drop to 130 million by 2046.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russia's Population Could Fall to 130Mln by 2046 – Rosstat |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/01/10/russias-population-could-fall-to-130mln-by-2046-rosstat-a83687 |work=[[The Moscow Times]] |date=12 January 2024 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=28 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114183040/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/01/10/russias-population-could-fall-to-130mln-by-2046-rosstat-a83687 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Fertility ===
[[File:Russia animated population pyramid.gif|thumb|Population age pyramid of Russia from 1946 to 2023]]
Between 1993 and 2008 there was a great [[Population decline|decrease in the country's population]] from 148 to 143 million.<ref name="intellinews">{{cite web|url=https://intellinews.com/russian-fertility-rates-fall-to-record-lows-on-the-back-of-a-deteriorating-economy-and-sanctions-pressure-243191/|title=Russian fertility rates fall to record lows on the back of a deteriorating economy and sanctions pressure|website=BNE Intellinews|date=4 May 2022|author=Ben Aris|location=Berlin}}</ref> There was a huge 50% decrease in the number of births per year from 2.5 million in 1987 to 1.2 million since 1997, but the current 1.42 fertility rate is still higher than that of the 1990s.<ref name="intellinews"/>

At the beginning of 2022, 320,400 babies were born between January and March, 16,600 fewer than January–March 2021. There were nearly twice as many deaths (584,700) as births.<ref name="intellinews"/> The crude birth rate – 8.9 per 100,000 inhabitants – was the lowest since the year 2000.<ref name="intellinews"/>

Russia has a low fertility rate with 1.42 children per woman in 2022, below 2.1 children per woman, which must be the number reached to maintain its population.<ref name="intellinews"/> As a result of their low fertility for decades, the Russian population is one of the oldest in the world with an average of 40.3 years.<ref name="intellinews"/>

=== Historical fertility rates ===

The [[total fertility rate]] is the number of children born to each woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: [[Our World In Data]] and [[Gapminder Foundation]].<ref name="ourworldindata.org">{{citation|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800&country=RUS|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|author=Max Roser|date=2014|work=[[Our World in Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]}}</ref>
[[File:Fertility rate of Russia from 1843 to 2016.svg|thumb|435x435px|TFR of Russia from 1843 to 2016]]
In many of the years from 1843 to 1917, Russia had the highest total fertility rate in the world.<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/> These elevated fertility rates did not lead to population growth due to high mortality rate, the casualties of the Russian Revolution, the two world wars and to a lesser extent the political killings.

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:right"
! rowspan="19" |TFR
! colspan="10" |Years
|-
! 1840!!1841!!1842!!1843!!1844!!1845!!1846!!1847!!1848!!1849<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.01|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.02|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.03|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.05|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.06|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.08|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.08

|-
! 1850!!1851!!1852!!1853!!1854!!1855!!1856!!1857!!1858!!1859<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.07|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.07 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.07|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.06|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.05|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.03|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.01|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.98|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.97

|-
! 1860!!1861!!1862!!1863!!1864!!1865!!1866!!1867!!1868!!1869<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.95|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.93 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.95|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.96|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.98|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.99|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.01|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.02|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.51|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.87

|-
! 1870!!1871!!1872!!1873!!1874!!1875!!1876!!1877!!1878!!1879<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.74|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.03 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.85|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.24|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.17|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.15|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.02|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.87|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.58|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.98

|-
! 1880!!1881!!1882!!1883!!1884!!1885!!1886!!1887!!1888!!1889<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.8|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.66 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.03|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.89|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.83|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.74|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.47|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.61|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.96|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.8

|-
! 1890!!1891!!1892!!1893!!1894!!1895!!1896!!1897!!1898!!1899<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.71|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.44 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.57|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.17|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.18|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.34|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.43|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.52|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.28|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.36

|-
! 1900!!1901!!1902!!1903!!1904!!1905!!1906!!1907!!1908!!1909<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.36|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.2 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.36|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.2|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.24|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.72|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.04|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.08|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.44|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.12

|-
! 1910!!1911!!1912!!1913!!1914!!1915!!1916!!1917!!1918!!1919<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.2|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.2 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |7.2|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.96|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.88|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.36|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.2|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.04|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.72|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.44

|-
! 1920!!1921!!1922!!1923!!1924!!1925!!1926<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.72|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.72 || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.48|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.72|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.8|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |6.72
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
! Years !! 1941!!1942!!1943!!1944!!1945<ref name="ourworldindata.org" />
|-
| || style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.60|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.96||1.68||1.72||1.92
|}[[File:Natural Population Growth of Russia.PNG|thumb|232x232px|Birth and death rates and natural growth, 1950–2014|left]]

==== Historical crude birth rates ====
[[File:RUS_births_deaths_195601-202202.png|thumb|425x425px| Births and deaths in Russia: a) moving 12-month sum, b) daily average, Jan 1956 – Feb 2022]]
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! scope="col" |Years
! scope="col" |1801–1810
! scope="col" |1811–1820
! scope="col" |1821–1830
! scope="col" |1831–1840
! scope="col" |1841–1850
! scope="col" |1851–1860<ref name="demreview.hse.ru">{{cite web| url = http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/knigi/rashyn/rashyn.pdf| title = А. Г. Рашин. Население России за 100 лет (1811—1913 гг.). Статистические очерки. Раздел первый. Масштабы и темпы динамики численности населения России за 1811—1913 гг. Глава первая. Динамика общей численности населения России за 1811—1913 гг. страница 38| access-date = 6 May 2019| archive-date = 27 November 2019| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191127143809/http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/knigi/rashyn/rashyn.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref>

|-
|[[Crude birth rate]]s of Russia
|43.7
|40.0
|42.7
|45.6
|49.7
|52.4
|}
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! scope="col" |Years
! scope="col" |1861–1870
! scope="col" |1871–1880
! scope="col" |1881–1890
! scope="col" |1891–1900
! scope="col" |1901–1910
! scope="col" |1911–1914
! scope="col" |18th century<br />(only Orthodox)
! scope="col" |1801–1860<br />(only Orthodox)<ref name="demreview.hse.ru"/>

|-
|Crude birth rates of Russia
|50.3
|50.4
|50.4
|49.2
|46.8
|43.9
|51.0
|50.0
|}

=== Age structure ===
<gallery mode="nolines" widths="280" heights="212">
File:Russian population by age and sex (demographic pyramid) on 01 January, 1927.png|alt=|Population pyramid in 1927
File:Russia Sex by Age 19410101.png|alt=|Population pyramid in 1941
File:Russia Sex by Age 19460101.png|alt=|Population pyramid in 1946
File:Russia Sex by Age 20150101.png|alt=|Population pyramid in 2015
File:RUS_SbA1y20210101.png|alt=|Population pyramid in 2021
File:Russia animated population pyramid.gif|alt=|Russia animated population pyramid 1946-2023
</gallery>

{{Hidden begin 
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2012): <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=unstats.un.org |archive-date=24 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724234458/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |url-status=live }}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 66,264,910
| align="right" | 76,936,820 
| align="right" | 143,201,730
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 4,377,526
| align="right" | 4,155,682
| align="right" | 8,533,208
| align="right" | 5.97
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 3,762,806 
| align="right" | 3,588,032
| align="right" | 7,350,838 
| align="right" | 5.13
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 3,396,364
| align="right" | 3,231,761
| align="right" | 6,628,125
| align="right" | 4.63
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 3,776,026
| align="right" | 3,615,840 
| align="right" | 7,391,866
| align="right" | 5.16
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 5,708,187
| align="right" | 5,515,543
| align="right" | 11,223,730
| align="right" | 7.84
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 6,262,379
| align="right" | 6,179,628
| align="right" | 12,442,007
| align="right" | 8.69
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 5,583,513
| align="right" | 5,647,636
| align="right" | 11,231,149
| align="right" | 7.84
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 5,087,565
| align="right" | 5,331,818
| align="right" | 10,419,383
| align="right" | 7.28
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 4,589,504
| align="right" | 4,861,983
| align="right" | 9,451,487
| align="right" | 6.60
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 4,632,279
| align="right" | 5,151,813 
| align="right" | 9,784,092
| align="right" | 6.83
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 5,279,364
| align="right" | 6,219,077
| align="right" | 11,498,441
| align="right" | 8.03
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 4,480,855
| align="right" | 5,817,559 
| align="right" | 10,298,414
| align="right" | 7.19
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 3,523,990
| align="right" | 5,010,867
| align="right" | 8,534,857
| align="right" | 5.96
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 1,602,839
| align="right" | 2,571,671
| align="right" | 4,174,510
| align="right" | 2.92
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 1,989,724
| align="right" | 3,975,348
| align="right" | 5,965,072
| align="right" | 4.17
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 1,179,476
| align="right" | 2,709,384
| align="right" | 3,888,860
| align="right" | 2.72
|-
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 722 151
| align="right" | 2,073,803
| align="right" | 2,795,954
| align="right" | 1.95
|-
| align="right" | 85–89
| align="right" | 253 028
| align="right" | 1,008,627
| align="right" | 1,261,655
| align="right" | 0.88
|-
| align="right" | 90–94
| align="right" | 46 736
| align="right" | 219 427
| align="right" | 266 163
| align="right" | 0.19
|-
| align="right" | 95–99
| align="right" | 8 634
| align="right" | 43 988
| align="right" | 52 622
| align="right" | 0.04
|-
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 1 964
| align="right" | 7 333
| align="right" | 9 297
| align="right" | 0.01
|-
! width="50"|Age group 
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 11,536,696
| align="right" | 10,975,475
| align="right" | 22,512,171
| align="right" | 15.72 
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 48,923,662
| align="right" | 53,351,764
| align="right" | 102,275,426
| align="right" | 71.42
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 5,804,552
| align="right" | 12,609,581
| align="right" | 18,414,133
| align="right" | 12.86
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

==== Median age ====
[[File:Life expectancy in Russia.svg|thumb|300px|[[Life expectancy]] in Russia since 1896]]

:total: 40.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 51st
:male: 37.6 years
:female: 43.5 years (2021 est.)

=== Life expectancy ===
[[File:Life expectancy in RSFSR and RF (by Human Mortality Database and Rosstat) -diff.png|thumb|300px|Life expectancy in Russia since 1959 by gender]]

:total population: 70.06 years for a child born in 2021, decreasing from 73.34 in 2019<ref name="rosstat"/>
:male: 65.51 years (2021)
:female: 74.51 years (2021)

'''Infant mortality rate'''

:total: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2020)<ref name="rosstat"/>
:male: 5.0 deaths/1,000 live births (2020)
:female: 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2020)

{{clear}}