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==History== [[File:2015-10-30 13 07 51 View south up the Carson River from Nevada State Route 822 (Dayton Valley Road) in Dayton, Nevada.jpg|thumb|left|The Carson River in Dayton]] Dayton is at the western end of the Twenty-Six Mile Desert at a bend in the [[Carson River]]. Immigrants stopping there for water would decide whether to follow the river south or continue west, giving the location its first name, Ponderers Rest. In 1849, Abner Blackburn, while heading for California, discovered a gold nugget in nearby Gold Creek, a tributary of the Carson River. By 1850, [[placer mining|placer miners]] settled at the mouth of Gold Cañon, working sand bars deposited over the millennia along the path of the creek. At first the settlement was just called "Gold Cañon" or "Gold Cañon Flat". Throughout the 1850s, Dayton served as the commercial hub for miners working in the canyon. In 1857 many Chinese miners came to the area to avoid mining taxes directed at the Chinese in California. With the 1859 discovery of the [[Comstock Lode]], newly founded [[Gold Hill, Nevada|Gold Hill]] and [[Virginia City, Nevada|Virginia City]], {{convert|6|mi|0}} to the north, assumed prominence and most miners headed up the cañon. By 1860 the town was primarily occupied by Chinese miners and it was called "China Town" in the U.S. census of that year. However, soon people began to realize there was more profit in providing milling, goods, and services to the miners and thus came or returned to the area.<ref name="daytonnvhistory.org">http://www.daytonnvhistory.org/history{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[File:Courthouse Dayton Nevada built 1864.jpg|thumb|left|Dayton courthouse, built in 1864]] In 1861, the town officially adopted the name "Dayton", after John Day, a local surveyor who was later elected Surveyor General of Nevada in 1868, 1870, and 1874.<ref name="Carlson">{{cite book |author=<!--Carlson, Helen S.--> |title=Nevada Place Names: A Geographical Dictionary |location=Reno and Las Vegas, NV |publisher=University of Nevada Press |page=93 |date=1974}}</ref> On November 29, 1861, Dayton became the governmental seat for Lyon County.<ref name="1stSession">{{cite book |author=<!--Legislative Assembly, Territory of Nevada.--> |title=Laws of the Territory of Nevada passed at the first regular session of the Legislative Assembly |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oq0wAQAAMAAJ |location=San Francisco, CA |publisher=Valentine & Co. |pages=289–291 |date=1862 |access-date=May 14, 2014 }}</ref> Because of the availability of water from the Carson River, it soon became the first major milling center of the Comstock, and grew rapidly—from 78 residents in 1860 to 2,500 in 1865.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofnevada00ange#page/500/mode/2up|title=History of Nevada;|work=archive.org|year=1881 |access-date=8 June 2015}}</ref> Its 1864 courthouse was one of the first in Nevada. [[File:Union Hotel after built 1870 Dayton.jpg|thumb|left|Union Hotel, Dayton, built in the early 1870s]] In 1866 and 1870 devastating "Great Fires" in Dayton greatly reduced the size of the town. The 1869 opening of the [[Virginia and Truckee Railroad]] shifted ore processing upstream to the Carson River Canyon, but Dayton continued to serve as a lesser center of commerce and government. Nonetheless, in the 1870s it was a much quieter, less prosperous town. The coming of the Carson & Colorado Railroad in 1881 brought back some prosperity to Dayton, but the population nonetheless hovered around 500 residents until after World War I. In 1909, fire destroyed the Lyon County Courthouse. Residents of the growing agricultural community of [[Yerington, Nevada|Yerington]] to the south called for a shift of the Lyon County seat, which occurred in 1911, leaving Dayton with a shrinking economy and population. By the 1920s, the [[Lincoln Highway]] was bringing some tourists to Dayton, but the town remained a quiet reminder of a time when Nevada's gold and silver strikes captured national attention. It did not surpass its 1865 peak population of 2,500 until 1930.<ref name="daytonnvhistory.org"/> In 1961, Dayton won fame as a setting for [[John Huston]]'s film, ''[[The Misfits (1961 film)|The Misfits]]'', the last movie appearances of [[Clark Gable]] and [[Marilyn Monroe]]. Beginning in the 1990s, Dayton experienced phenomenal growth as residential development expanded on the east side of the Carson River. The historic part of Dayton is within the Comstock Historic District, featuring a small but impressive main street, the monumental Odeon Hall, and a charming local museum located in an 1865 schoolhouse that is the oldest in Nevada in its original location.<ref name="daytonnvhistory.org"/> Dayton claims the designation of Nevada's oldest settlement, a title disputed by the residents of [[Genoa, Nevada|Genoa]]. Dayton points to the fact that when the wagon train of pioneer Lucena Parsons stayed at the mouth of Gold Cañon (now Dayton) for several weeks waiting for the snow to leave the [[Sierra Nevada]], she recorded in her journal that Colonel Reese and his party passed along the Carson River as they headed for the Sierra foothills to establish Mormon Station (today's Genoa). She had noted also that upon the wagon train's arrival about three weeks earlier, more than 200 miners were working the cañon. Today's residents of Genoa point to the region's first post office and several other aspects of town government and note that their community deserves the title of "Nevada's first town," a claim that Dayton residents do not care enough to dispute.<ref name="daytonnvhistory.org"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/dayton|title=Dayton|work=onlinenevada.org|access-date=8 June 2015|archive-date=October 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006165939/http://www.onlinenevada.org/articles/dayton|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dayton is listed as Nevada Historical Marker 7.<ref name=markers>{{cite web |title=Nevada Historical Markers |url=http://nvshpo.org/home-topmenu-17-17/historical-markers.html |publisher=Nevada State Historic Preservation Office |access-date=23 February 2013 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204045518/http://nvshpo.org/home-topmenu-17-17/historical-markers.html |archive-date=4 February 2013 }}</ref>
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