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==Background== After [[World War II]], the rise of the Soviet Union and start of the [[Cold War]] resulted in increasing concerns in the United States about potential communists in the US government, and vulnerability of civil and political workers to threats from communists due to their personal lives. The U.S. [[Congress]] began to require the registration of members of "subversive groups."<ref>Adam, p. 57</ref> In 1950, the U.S. [[State Department]] declared homosexuals to be security risks (because of perceived vulnerability to [[blackmail]], as the practice was illegal). A succession of increasingly repressive acts followed, which included [[Lavender scare|the dismissal of federal, state and local government employees suspected of being homosexual]]; politically motivated police raids on [[gay bar]]s all over the US and Canada; and the enactment of laws prohibiting [[cross-dressing]] for men and women. More specifically in San Francisco, where the Daughters of Bilitis was later founded, police on September 8, 1954 raided lesbian bars such as Adler and Tommy's Place.<ref>Adam, p. 58-60</ref><ref>Katz, p. 410-411</ref>
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