Editing Danville, Pennsylvania (section)

==History==
 
===Native American history===
As Europeans explored the coastal regions reachable from ships at the dawn of the 17th Century, the whole valley of the [[Susquehanna River|Susquehanna]] from South-central [[New York (state)|New York]] state to the upper [[Chesapeake Bay]] was owned by the fierce [[Iroquois]]-like [[Susquehannock people]], like the [[Erie people]], an [[Iroquoian]] speaking tribe with a similar related culture.<ref 
 name=Susquehannock>see [[Susquehannock#History]] main article coverage and citations.</ref>  As the [[European wars of religion]] lulled before the cataclysm of the [[Thirty Years' War]], ca. 1600 AD the [[protestant]] [[Dutch Republic|Dutch]] traders first entered the [[Delaware River|Delaware Valley]] and began regularly [[fur trade|trading]] [[firearms]] for furs, especially highly valued beaver pelts with the inland Susquehannock people in the vicinity of greater Philadelphia.
 
Although the Susquehannocks lived well inland their hunting range owned the rich [[Beaver]] territory of the entire [[Susquehanna River]] [[drainage basin]], since the Susquehannock's range also included hunting the [[Schuylkill River|Schuylkill]] and [[Lehigh River]]s and their tributaries (which they historically disputed by occasional mutual raiding with the [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]] [[Delaware people]] dwelling along the Atlantic coastal strip extending west from [[Delaware]] and southern [[New Jersey]] into the [[Pocono Mountains|Poconos]]), the Susquehanna had a wealth of coveted [[Beaver]] [[fur trade|pelts]], and so became formidably well armed.

===The Beaver Wars===
About the time [[New Sweden]] (1638) was founded, the [[Iroquois Confederacy]] began a series of escalating wars setting Indian versus Indian called the [[Beaver Wars]]&mdash;that ultimately would open up the frontier to white settlers&mdash;deadly long running territorial wars between Amerindian peoples for ''fur hunting and trapping territories''. Forearmed by their traders knowledge, the Swedes settled both sides of the Delaware, and almost immediately became allies with the Susquehannock, who already well armed, would soon after have a confederacy well armed enough to win a war declared by the colonial [[Province of Maryland]], subjugate several Delaware tribes and would inflict several stinging defeats on Iroquois forces.

By the mid-1650s [[New Netherlands]] absorbed [[New Sweden]], and in 1666-67, the English took over New Netherlands, but most of the colonial populations in both cases, including traders, merely switched governors and went on with business as usual, where the most lucrative business was for [[fur]]s.

What little is known of the Susquehannock tribe comes mostly from a few traders and the work of a single Dutch missionary who lived with them for a time about 1640.<ref name=Susquehannock/> They were a fierce and powerful people holding off territorial infringements from the tribes on all sides of their range from the Potomac to the Mohawk valley, and the Poconos to the Alleghenies.<ref name=Susquehannock/> Danville, located in the southern center of the valley would have been at least a summer hunting camp for these people, who were to become horribly affected by epidemic plagues of disease over multiple years circa 1668-72.<ref name=Susquehannock/>   This sudden weakness in population ironically occurred shortly after the Susquehannocks gave a serious drubbing about 1665-66 over 2-3 years<ref name=Susquehannock/>  to two of the [[Five Nations of the Iroquois]] in the local [[Beaver Wars]]. After the drastic weakening, they were attacked on all sides by subjected tribes, colonists, and the Iroquois, suffering further large losses.<ref name=Susquehannock/>

By 1678, the Iroquois would agree in a treaty to absorb most of the remaining Iroquoian Susquehannocks whose civilization had collapsed,<ref name=Susquehannock/> though several hundred remnants migrated to live south and west of the Wyoming Valley, and would be called the Conestoga by the new [[Kingdom of England|English settlers]] in the [[province of Pennsylvania|colony of Pennsylvania]],<ref name=Susquehannock/> whilst the Susquehannock confederation would go extinct as an [[:category:Iroquoian peoples|Iroquoian people]] and its surviving people would be absorbed into other tribes.<ref 
 name=Susquehannock/> Hence, Danville was [[Iroquois]] land until a 1768 treaty{{Citation needed|reason=This is possibly 1678, since the British took control in 1667, about the time the Susquehannock declined 90% in population. By treaty with the British colonies of New York and Pennsylvania, the Iroquois adopted most of the remaining Susquehannock in the Wyoming Valley.
|date=June 2016}} after the [[French and Indian War]].

===16th-18th century===
In November 1773, [[William Montgomery (Pennsylvania soldier)|William Montgomery]] began acquiring land in [[Northumberland County, Pennsylvania|Northumberland County]] from J. Cummings. On November 26, 1774 he acquired 180 acres along [[Mahoning Creek (Allegheny River tributary)|Mahoning Creek]] and [[Susquehanna River]] known as "Karkaase" from J. Simpson. Following his service in the [[New York and New Jersey campaign|New York and New Jersey Campaign]], William re-settled his family from Chester County to Northumberland. Originally referred to as "Montgomery's Landing", it would become known as Danville after his son, [[Daniel Montgomery Jr.|Daniel Montgomery]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Danville, A Collection of Historical and Biographical Sketches|last=Brower|first=D.H.B.|publisher=Lane S. Hart|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/danvillemontourc00brow/page/n8}}</ref>  After developing his farm, William developed the first gristmill, sawmill, and trading post. In 1778, his family fled during the [[Big Runaway]] to [[Fort Augusta]] and returned following the [[Battle of Wyoming]]. In 1792, William constructed the [[General William Montgomery House]]. In the same year Daniel plotted the area between Mill Street and Church Street, the historic core of the town which now bears his name.

===Early 19th century===
Danville was part of [[Northumberland County, Pennsylvania]], when it was founded. In 1813, [[Columbia County, Pennsylvania]] was formed from part of Northumberland Co. Danville became the county seat of Columbia Co. until 1845, when an election moved the seat to [[Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania]]. In 1850, Montour County was formed from part of Columbia. Danville then became the county seat of Montour.

Danville became a transportation center in the mid-19th century as the technology of early railroads developed, allowing accelerated development of inland communities. Danville first serviced canal boats plying the [[canal|navigations]] on the Susquehanna between the coal docks in Pittston and Wilkes-Barre connecting to the Union Canal, and Harrisburg. Subsequently, it became served by several railroads also running along the banks of the [[North Branch Susquehanna River|North Branch of the Susquehanna River]]. Railroads helped local businesses expand their sales as they supplied major cities outside of Danville.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Collection: Colt and Donaldson records {{!}} Archival Collections|url=https://archives.lib.umd.edu/repositories/2/resources/984|access-date=2021-02-11|website=archives.lib.umd.edu}}</ref> [[Coal]] and [[iron]] mines in the surrounding hills and mountains fueled the local economy, and by mid-century Danville was an important iron mill town. Many of the [[Rail tracks|rail]]s of the nation's expanding railroad system were made in Danville, an important contribution to a network which grew explosively for decades. By the 1890s there were 7-8 major railroads running into the [[Wyoming Valley]] for [[Anthracite]]. A local marker claims that the first [[Flanged T rail|T-rail]] rolled in the United States was rolled in Danville, on October 8, 1845 at the Montour Iron Company, though this is claimed for [[Mount Savage, Maryland]], as well.

===Late 19th century===
Montour and several other enormous iron mills dominated the town for most of the 19th century and the iron industry was the chief employer in the region. The iron mills fell into decline, however, as [[steel]] replaced iron in the 20th century. The city celebrates this era with an annual Iron Heritage Festival in July, and the main street is still named "Mill Street".
[[File:Danville PA library.png|thumb|Thomas Beaver Free Library]]

In 1869 the [[Danville State Hospital]] was built as a state institution for the treatment and care of the mentally ill.

===20th century and beyond===
[[Abigail Geisinger]], widow of iron magnate George Geisinger, used his fortune to build a hospital and clinic intended to be a regional medical center modeled after the [[Mayo Clinic]]. The Geisinger Hospital was completed in 1915, and has grown over the years. Today, the [[Geisinger Medical Center]] is the most important tertiary referral center in northern Pennsylvania. Geisinger and its affiliated institutions are also one of the largest employers in the region.

In the early 1960s, local company Susquehanna [[Danville Airport]] produced [[airboat]]s for evaluation by the [[U.S. Army]]. Susquehanna was a joint venture between Ken Burrows-owned Danville Airport of Danville and Mari-Mar Industries of [[Port Trevorton, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Pennsylvania Boats Go To Viet Nam War |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/10534879/ |work=The Progress |date=July 17, 1965 |location=[[Clearfield, PA]] |page=13}}</ref> The airboats, called Susquehanna Skimmers, were evaluated in [[Vietnam]] between June 1964 and late 1965. The six Skimmers competed with six [[Hurricane Aircat]]s, made by the Hurricane Fiberglass Products Company of [[Auburndale, Florida]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Vietnam Airboats -- Book Review |website=VietnamGear.com |access-date=July 11, 2018 |date=October 13, 2008 |url=http://www.vietnamgear.com/Article.aspx?Art=148}}</ref> The Skimmer lost to the Aircat, which was found to be more durable, easier to maneuver, and have greater obstacle crossing capabilities than the Susquehanna Skimmer, although the Skimmer outperformed the Aircat in deep water.<ref>{{cite tech report |editor-first=Samuel |editor-last=Enfield |editor2-last=Burr |editor2-first=R. |editor3-last=Badgett |editor3-first=R. |title=Airboats |number=R-1590.0 |institution=Army Concept Team in Vietnam |date=April 15, 1966  |url=http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/372880.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803080325/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/372880.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |location=San Francisco |via=[[DTIC]] |page=B-1}}</ref>

The [[Thomas Beaver Free Library and Danville YMCA]], [[Danville Historic District (Danville, Pennsylvania)|Danville Historic District]], [[Danville West Market Street Historic District]], and [[General William Montgomery House]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>

In 2014, Republican Bernie Swank replaced Democrat Ed Coleman as Mayor. Coleman was Mayor of Danville for 16 years. Swank defeated Democrat Tom Graham by 50 votes out of 682 votes cast. She previously served as mayor from 1989 to 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailyitem.com/the_danville_news/news/swank-gets-another-turn-as-danville-mayor/article_1ad759fd-9d6d-5d54-a323-2cfdbff53856.html|title=Swank gets another turn as Danville mayor|last=Blackledge|first=Karen|website=The Daily Item|access-date=2016-05-22}}</ref>

On January 22, 2022, a truck carrying about 100 [[Animal testing on non-human primates|lab monkey]]s collided with a dump truck along Route 54 near Danville, allowing four monkeys to escape. Three monkeys were later euthanized, while another remains missing. The truck was bound for a [[Centers for Disease Control]] (CDC) facility, leading to fears of a disease outbreak; several witnesses reported symptoms following their contact with the monkeys and were advised to quarantine by the CDC.<ref>{{cite news|first=Amanda|last=Eustice|title=CDC: Three monkeys caught and euthanized after crash near Danville|website=wnep.com|date=22 January 2022|url=https://www.wnep.com/amp/article/news/local/montour-county/one-monkey-still-on-the-loose-after-crash-near-danville-cdc-department-of-health-route-54-montour-county-pa-state-game-commission-primates/523-3012f35a-a398-4a05-aabc-11696e5b791c|access-date=23 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Lange |first=Stacy |date=January 24, 2022 |title=CDC: Monkeys posed a public health risk |url=https://www.wnep.com/article/news/cdc-monkeys-posed-a-public-health-risk/523-c4e5aff3-efa8-4420-ab15-ea7e8f69c712 |publisher=WNEP |accessdate=January 24, 2022}}</ref>