Editing Daniel Drew (section)

==Biography==
Drew was born in [[Carmel, New York]], to Gilbert Drew and Catherine Muckleworth. He was poorly educated and saw hardship after his father, who owned a small cattle farm, died when Daniel was 15 years old. Drew enlisted in the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] during the [[War of 1812]] but he did not see combat. After the war, he spent some time with a traveling zoo and then built a successful [[droving|cattle-droving]] business.

In 1820, he moved to New York City, where he ran the [[Bull's Head Tavern]] in the [[Bowery]] section of [[New York City]], a location frequented by drovers and butchers doing business in the city. While running the tavern, he formed a partnership with two other drovers, buying cattle from neighboring counties and bringing them to New York for sale.<ref name=McCabe>[https://books.google.com/books?id=VByzIgmXSh0C&pg=PA144 McCabe Jr., James D., ''Great Fortunes and How They Were Made'', Trillarden] {{ISBN|9781450524193}}</ref> In 1823, he married Roxanna Mead.

In 1834, he entered the [[steamboat]] business, purchasing a share of a boat operating on the [[Hudson River]]. Competing with [[Cornelius Vanderbilt]] against the [[Hudson River Steamboat Association]], he ran numerous profitable lines outside of [[New York City]].<ref name="NYTimes">{{cite news |title=Death of Daniel Drew |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1879/09/19/archives/death-of-daniel-drew-the-career-of-the-wellknown-financier-his.html |newspaper=New York Times |date=1879-09-19}}</ref>

Around this time, Drew began to speculate in stocks. He founded the [[brokerage firm]] of Drew, Robinson & Company in 1844, which dissolved a decade later with the death of his partner. Following this, operated as an independent trader.<ref name="NYTimes" /> In 1857, Drew became a member of the board of directors of the [[Erie Railroad]] and used his position to manipulate the railroad stock price. He joined forces with Vanderbilt to rescue the Erie from bankruptcy, and also became a director of the [[New York and Harlem Railroad]], where he again collaborated with Vanderbilt to prop up that company's finances.<ref name="NYTimes" />

In 1864, Drew once again struggled with Vanderbilt, speculating on the stock of the New York and Harlem. Drew was [[Short selling|selling the stock short]], but Vanderbilt and his associates bought every share he sold, ultimately causing the stock price to rise from 90 to 285 in five months. Drew lost $500,000.<ref>Browder, Clifford. ''The Money Game in Old New York: Daniel Drew and His Times''. Lexington: University of Kentucky, 1986.</ref>

In 1866 to 1868, Drew engaged in the [[Erie War]], in which Drew conspired along with fellow directors [[James Fisk (financier)|James Fisk]] and [[Jay Gould]] to issue stock to keep Vanderbilt from gaining control of the Erie Railroad.<ref>{{cite book |last=McAlpine |first=Robert W. |title=The Life and Times of Col. James Fisk, Jr. |url=https://archive.org/details/lifeandtimescol00mcalgoog |year=1872 |publisher=New York Book Co |location=New York |pages=[https://archive.org/details/lifeandtimescol00mcalgoog/page/n56 46]–152}}</ref> Vanderbilt, unaware of the increase in outstanding shares, kept buying Erie stock and sustained heavy losses, eventually conceding control of the railroad to the trio.<ref name="White" />{{rp|207–232}}

In 1870, Fisk and Gould betrayed Drew, manipulating the stock price of the Erie Railroad and causing him to lose $1.5 million<ref name="White" />{{rp|364–379}} Fisk was killed in January 1872 by a jealous rival over a mistress;<ref>{{cite news |title=James Fisk Murdered |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1872/01/07/79010690.pdf |newspaper=New York Times |date=1872-01-07}}</ref> Gould was later swindled out of $1,000,000 worth of Erie railroad stock and never controlled the Erie Railroad. The [[Panic of 1873]] cost Drew still more, and by 1876, he filed for [[bankruptcy]], with debts exceeding a million dollars and no viable assets.<ref name="NYTimes" /> He died in 1879, dependent on his son, William for support.<ref name="White" />{{rp|423}}