Editing Daly City, California (section)

==History==
[[File:Francisco_de_Haro,_Alcalde_de_San_Francisco.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Francisco de Haro]], 1st [[Alcalde of San Francisco]] (mayor), owned [[Rancho Laguna de la Merced]], which included much of modern Daly City.]]
Archaeological evidence suggests the San Francisco Bay area has been inhabited as early as 2700 BC.<ref name="Stewart 2003">{{cite web
 | url = http://www.sonoma.edu/asc/projects/pointreyes/overview2.pdf
 | title = Archaeological Research Issues For The Point Reyes National Seashore – Golden Gate National Recreation Area
 | access-date = June 12, 2008
| last = Stewart
 | first = Suzanne B
 |date = November 2003
 | publisher = Sonoma State University – Anthropological Studies Center
 | page = 100
}}</ref> People of the [[Ohlone languages|Ohlone language group]] probably occupied Northern California from at least the year A.D. 500.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia
 | author = Levy, Richard
 | editor = William C. Sturtevant and Robert F. Heizer
 | encyclopedia = [[Handbook of North American Indians]]
 | title = Costanoan
 | year = 1978
 | publisher = Smithsonian Institution
 | volume = 8
 | location = Washington, DC
 | quote = Linguistic evidence suggests that the ancestors of the Costanoan moved into the [[San Francisco]] and Monterey Bay areas about A.D. 500.  ... The above postulated movement of Costanoan languages into the [[San Francisco]] area seems to coincide with the appearance of the Late Horizon artifact assemblages in archeological sites in the [[San Francisco]] bay region.
 | ol = OL23238489M
 | url = https://archive.org/details/handbookofnortha08heiz/page/n6/
 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/handbookofnortha08heiz/page/486/ 486]
}}</ref> Though [[the Californias|their territory]] had been [[Viceroyalty of New Spain|claimed]] by [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|Spain]] since the early 16th century, they had relatively little contact with Europeans until 1769, when as part of an effort to colonize [[Alta California]], an [[Portolá expedition|exploration party]] led by Don [[Gaspar de Portolá]] learned of the existence of [[San Francisco Bay]].<ref name="Portola">{{cite web
 | title = Visitors: San Francisco Historical Information
 | url = http://www.sfgov.org/site/visitor_index.asp?id=8091
 | access-date = June 10, 2008
| publisher = City and County of San Francisco
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080331220353/http://www.sfgov.org/site/visitor_index.asp?id=8091
 | archive-date = March 31, 2008
}}</ref> Seven years later, in 1776, an expedition led by [[Juan Bautista de Anza]] selected the site for the [[Presidio of San Francisco]], which [[José Joaquín Moraga]] soon established. Later the same year, [[Franciscans|Franciscan]] missionary [[Francisco Palóu]] founded the [[Mission San Francisco de Asís]] (Mission Dolores).<ref name="DeAnza-Moraga-Palou">{{cite web
 |author=Edward F. O'Day 
 |title=The Founding of San Francisco 
 |date=October 1926 
 |url=http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist6/founding.html 
 |access-date=February 14, 2009 |publisher=Spring Valley Water Authority 
 |work=San Francisco Water 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100727190828/http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist6/founding.html 
 |archive-date=July 27, 2010}}</ref> As part of the founding, the priests claimed the land south of the mission for 16 miles for raising crops and for [[fodder]] for cattle and sheep.<ref name="Chandler p1">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=1}}</ref> In 1778, the priests and soldiers marked out a trail to connect San Francisco to the rest of California.<ref name="Chandler p1" /> At the top of Mission Hill, the priests named the gap between [[San Bruno Mountain]] and the hills on the coast ''La Portezuela'' ("the Little Door").<ref name="Chandler p1" /> La Portezuela was later referred to as Daly's Hill, the Center of Daly City, and is now called [[Top of the Hill, Daly City, California|Top of the Hill]].<ref name="Chandler p1" />

During Spanish rule, the area between San Bruno Mountain and the Pacific remained uninhabited.<ref name="Chandler p2">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=2}}</ref> Upon independence from Spain, prominent Mexican citizens were granted land parcels to establish [[Ranchos of California|large ranches]], three of which covered areas now in Daly City and [[Colma, California|Colma]].<ref name="Chandler p2" /> [[Rancho Buri Buri]] was granted to Jose Sanchez in 1835 and covered {{convert|14639|acres|km2}}, including parts of modern-day [[Colma, California|Colma]], [[Burlingame, California|Burlingame]], [[San Bruno, California|San Bruno]], [[South San Francisco, California|South San Francisco]], and [[Millbrae, California|Millbrae]].<ref name="Chandler p2" /><ref name="San Mateo Ranchos">{{cite web
| url = http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/EART/SanMateoRanchos.html
| title = Mexican Land Grants / Ranchos San Mateo County
| access-date = July 6, 2009
| date = June 16, 2003
| work = Earth Sciences & Map Library University of California, Berkeley
| publisher = [[Regents of the University of California]]
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090511104001/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu//EART/SanMateoRanchos.html
| archive-date = May 11, 2009
| url-status = dead
}}</ref> [[Rancho Laguna de la Merced]] was {{convert|2219|acres|km2}} acres and covered the area around a lake of the [[Lake Merced|same name]].<ref name="Chandler p2" /><ref name="San Mateo Ranchos" /> The third ranch covering parts of the Daly City–Colma area was named [[Rancho Cañada de Guadalupe la Visitación y Rodeo Viejo]] and stretched from the [[Visitacion Valley, San Francisco|Visitacion Valley]] area in San Francisco, to the city of South San Francisco covering {{convert|5473|acres|km2}}.<ref name="Chandler p2" /><ref name="San Mateo Ranchos" />

Following the [[Mexican Cession]] of California at the end of the [[Mexican–American War]], the owners of Rancho Laguna de la Merced tried to claim land between San Bruno Mountain and Lake Merced. An 1853 US government survey declared that the contested area was, in fact, government property and could be acquired by private citizens. A brief [[Land run|land rush]] occurred as settlers, mainly Irish, established ranches and farms in parts of what is now the neighborhoods of [[Westlake, Daly City, California|Westlake]], [[Serramonte, Daly City, California|Serramonte]], and the cities of Colma and [[Pacifica, California|Pacifica]].<ref name="Chandler p5">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=5}}</ref> A decade later, several families left as increases in the [[fog]] density killed grain and potato crops. The few remaining families switched to dairy and cattle farming as a more profitable enterprise.<ref name="Chandler p5" /> In the late 19th century as San Francisco grew and [[San Mateo County, California|San Mateo County]] was established, Daly City also gradually grew, including homes and schools along the lines for the [[Southern Pacific Transportation Company|Southern Pacific]] railroad.<ref name="Gillespie p11">{{Harv|Gillespie|2003|p=11}}</ref> Daly City served as a location where San Franciscans would cross over county lines to gamble and fight.<ref name="Chandler p17">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=17}}</ref> As tensions built in approach to the [[American Civil War]], California was divided between pro-[[slavery]], and [[Free Soil Party|Free Soil]] advocates. Two of the main figures in the debate were [[United States Senate|US Senator]] [[David C. Broderick]], a Free Soil advocate, and [[David S. Terry]], who was in favor of extension of slavery into California. Quarreling and political fighting between the two eventually led to a [[Broderick–Terry duel|duel in the Lake Merced area]], at which Terry mortally wounded Broderick, who died three days later.<ref name="Chandler p18">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=18}}</ref> The site of the duel is marked with two granite shafts where the men stood, and is designated as [[California Historical Landmark]] number 19.<ref name="CHL listing">{{cite web
 |title = San Mateo
 |url = http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=21520
 |publisher = Office of Historic State Preservation California State Parks
 |year = 2009
 |access-date = July 5, 2009
|quote = NO. 19 BRODERICK-TERRY DUELING PLACE ... The site is marked with a monument and granite shafts where the two men stood.
}}</ref>

===20th century===
[[File:SFtent1906.JPG|thumb|left|Displaced victims of the [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]], in front of a temporary tent shelter]]
On the morning of April 18, 1906, a [[1906 San Francisco earthquake|major earthquake]] struck just off the coast of Daly City near [[Mussel Rock]].<ref name="Quake epicenter">{{cite news | first=Ryan | last=Kim | title=DALY CITY / Officials unmoved by quake notoriety / Plan to note change of 1906 epicenter lacking support | date=April 11, 2004 | publisher=[[Hearst Communications Inc.]] | url =http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/04/11/BAGB163KV81.DTL | work =The San Francisco Chronicle | pages =B1 | access-date = July 6, 2009 }}</ref> After the quake and subsequent fire destroyed many San Franciscans' homes, they left for temporary housing on the ranches of the area to the south, including the large one owned by [[John Donald Daly|John Daly]].<ref name="Chandler 27">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=27}}</ref> Daly had come to the Bay Area in 1853, where he had worked on a dairy farm, and after several years, married his bosses' daughter and acquired {{convert|250|acres|km2}} at the Top of the Hill area. Over the years, Daly's business grew, as did his political clout.<ref name="Gillespie p8">{{Harv|Gillespie|2003|p=8}}</ref> When a flood of refugees from the quake came, Daly and other local farmers donated milk and other food items.<ref name="Chandler 27-28">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|pp=27–28}}</ref> Daly later subdivided his property, from which several housing tracts emerged.<ref name="Gillespie p8" />
[[File:John Donald Daly.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[John Donald Daly]], founder and namesake of Daly City]]
As some of the refugees established homes in the area, the need for city services grew. This, combined with the fear of annexation by San Francisco and being ignored by San Mateo County, whose seat far to the south left residents feeling ignored, created a demand for incorporation. The first such attempt was proposed in 1908 for incorporation as the city of Vista Grande. Vista Grande would have spanned from the Pacific to the Bay, with San Francisco as its northern border and South San Francisco and the old Rancho Buri Buri as its southern border. The proposal was rejected over the scope of the planned city, which was too broad for many residents.<ref name="Chandler 79">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=79}}</ref> The initial proposal also revealed rifts in the community among the various regions, including the area around the cemeteries, which were excluded from further plans of incorporation.<ref name="Chandler 79" /> On January 16, 1911, an incorporation committee filed a petition with San Mateo County supervisors to incorporate the City of Daly City, which would run from San Francisco along the San Bruno Hills until Price and School Streets with San Francisco and west to the summit of the San Bruno Hills. The city would have an estimated population of 2,900.<ref name="Chandler 83">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=83}}</ref> On March 18, 1911, a special election was held, with incorporation narrowly succeeding by a vote of 132 to 130.<ref name="Chandler 84">{{Harv|Chandler|1973|p=84}}</ref>

It remained a relatively small community until the late 1940s, when developer [[Henry Doelger]] established [[Westlake, Daly City, California|Westlake]], a major district of homes and businesses, including the Westlake Shopping Center. Beginning in the 1950s, Filipino Americans began to purchase homes east of  Junipero Serra Boulevard, as they were barred from the Westlake development due to [[Covenant (law)|racial covenants]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Stupi |first=Amanda |date=August 5, 2021 |title=In Daly City, the Bayanihan Spirit Is Alive and Well |url=https://www.kqed.org/news/11883382/in-daly-city-the-bayanihan-spirit-is-alive-and-well |work=KQED |location=San Francisco |access-date=January 22, 2022}}</ref> On March 22, 1957, Daly City was again the epicenter of [[1957 San Francisco earthquake|an earthquake]], this one a 5.3-[[Seismic scale|magnitude]] quake on the San Andreas Fault, which caused some structural damage in Westlake and closed [[California State Route 1|State Route 1]] along the Westlake Palisades.<ref name="USGS 1957 quake">{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/states/events/1957_03_22.php |title=Historic Earthquakes – 1957 March 22 19:44:21 UTC Magnitude 5.3 |access-date=July 6, 2009 |date=January 30, 2009 |work=Earthquake Hazards Program |publisher=[[US Geological Survey]] }}</ref> In 1963, Daly City annexed the city of [[Bayshore City, California|Bayshore]].<ref name="dalycity.org">{{Cite web|title=History|url=https://www.dalycity.org/392/History|url-status=live|access-date=March 21, 2021|website=City of Daly City Police|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125210010/https://www.dalycity.org/392/History |archive-date=January 25, 2021 }}</ref> The [[Cow Palace]], located in Bayshore and now within the city limits of Daly City, was the site of [[1964 Republican National Convention|the following year's Republican National Convention]]; it had also hosted the [[1956 Republican National Convention|1956 RNC]]. The [[Daly City station|Daly City BART station]] opened on September 11, 1972, providing northern San Mateo County with rail service to downtown San Francisco and other parts of the Bay Area. The line was extended south to Colma in 1996 and then to Millbrae and the [[San Francisco International Airport]] in 2003.

In October 1984, [[Taiwanese Americans|Taiwanese American]] writer [[Henry Liu]] was assassinated in his garage in Daly City, allegedly by [[Kuomintang]] agents.<ref name="Bishop">{{cite news|title=California Jury Is Told Defendant Admitted Slaying Journalist|work=The New York Times|last=Bishop|first=Katherine|date=March 9, 1988|access-date=November 13, 2007|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/09/us/california-jury-is-told-defendant-admitted-slaying-journalist.html}}</ref>

The [[Daly City History Museum]], opened in March 2009, is located in the building that housed the John Daly Library, Daly City's first library. The museum houses exhibits related to Daly City's history, and maintains an archive of photos and documents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=October 15, 2021 |title=San Mateo County's mini museums preserve and educate about local history |url=https://climaterwc.com/2021/10/15/san-mateo-countys-mini-museums-preserve-and-educate-about-local-history/ |access-date=April 7, 2024 |website=Climate Online |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tribune |first=Kayla Figard {{!}} Pacifica |date=August 23, 2011 |title=Daly City preserves its rich history through historical museum |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2011/08/23/daly-city-preserves-its-rich-history-through-historical-museum/ |access-date=April 7, 2024 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ABC7 |title=Centennial celebration: Museum a treasure trove of Daly City's 100 years {{!}} ABC7 San Francisco {{!}} abc7news.com |url=https://abc7news.com/archive/8028464/ |access-date=April 7, 2024 |website=ABC7 San Francisco |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tribune |first=Jean Bartlett {{!}} Pacifica |date=September 13, 2011 |title=A walk on the Daly City side with historian Bunny Gillespie |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2011/09/13/a-walk-on-the-daly-city-side-with-historian-bunny-gillespie/ |access-date=April 7, 2024 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>