Editing Dallas, Georgia (section)

==History==

[[Image:Battle Field of New Hope Church, GA. No. 1. (8170378253).jpg|thumb|left|200px|A picture, circa 1864–1866, of the "Hell Hole" after the [[Battle of New Hope Church]], which was part of the [[Battle of Dallas]].]]
[[Image:Flight 242 tail and wing.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The remnants of the tail section of [[Southern Airways Flight 242]]. The separated right wing is in the foreground.]]

The area where in and around Dallas was originally held by the [[Muscogee]] people, but would eventually lose their land in battle to the [[Cherokee]] in 1755.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/counties-cities-neighborhoods/paulding-county|title=Paulding County|website=New Georgia Encyclopedia}}</ref>  The area became a crossroads for the Cherokee who lived in the area.<ref name="dallasga.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://dallasga.gov/history/|title=History}}</ref>

When [[gold]] was discovered in Georgia in 1828, it began what was known as the [[Georgia Gold Rush]].  Paulding County was soon separated into 40-acre "Gold Lots" during the [[Gold Lottery of 1832]] and people came from other parts of Georgia and other states to seek gold.  The settlers found little gold in the area, with only small amounts being found in mines at Lost Mountain.  Many settlers began using their parcels of land to grow crops instead.

During the time the Georgia Gold Rush began to happen, the Cherokee people began to be forced off of their lands.  Not long after, the [[Indian Removal Act]] was signed by president [[Andrew Jackson]], effectively removing the Native Americans to [[Indian Territory]] west of the Mississippi River on the [[Trail of Tears]].

When the Georgia General Assembly took the original western portion of [[Paulding County, Georgia|Paulding County]] to create [[Polk County, Georgia|Polk County]] in 1852, it also took with it the original county seat, Van Wert. The legislature ceded western portions of [[Cobb County, Georgia|Cobb County]] to create the newly drawn Paulding County, thus making it necessary for the creation of a new town to serve as the county seat.  The town of Dallas was officially created from {{convert|40|acre|m2}} of land purchased from Garrett H. Spinks on May 14, 1852, for $1000.  Its first commissioners were James H. Ballinger, James S. Hackett, Hezekiah Harrison, John S. Poole, and Garrett H. Spinks.<ref>{{cite book | url=http://www.kenkrakow.com/gpn/d.pdf | title=Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins | publisher=Winship Press | author=Krakow, Kenneth K. | year=1975 | location=Macon, GA | page=57 | isbn=0-915430-00-2}}</ref>  The new town of Dallas was named for then [[Vice-President of the United States]], [[George M. Dallas|George Mifflin Dallas]], of [[Pennsylvania]]. He served under President [[James K. Polk|James Knox Polk]], for whom the new county to the west had been named.<ref name="dallasga.gov"/>

The Dallas area is home to multiple battle sites that were part of the [[Atlanta Campaign]] in the [[American Civil War]] in 1864.  The [[Battle of Dallas]] took place near downtown Dallas.  The [[Battle of New Hope Church]] and the [[Battle of Pickett's Mill]] were also fought during the same week, both of which are typically considered to part of Battle of Dallas engagement.<ref>{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Dallas (Georgia)|short=x|display=Dallas. A town and the county-seat of Paulding County, Ga.}}</ref>  The original earthworks, including the battle trenches have been preserved at both the New Hope Church site and at the [[Pickett's Mill Battlefield Site|Pickett's Mill Historic Battlefield Site]].

After the reconstruction period, Dallas and Paulding County began to flourish.  Construction of the [[Southern Railway (U.S.)|Southern]] and [[Seaboard Air Line Railroad|Seaboard]] Railroads began in 1882.  Paulding County was also introduced to the textile industry at this time.  Both industries played a great role in the growth of the county.  Along with the introduction to the railroad and the textile industry, Paulding County's first newspaper was introduced, ''The Dallas New Era''.<ref name="paulding.gov">{{Cite web |url=https://www.paulding.gov/404/History |title= History |access-date=2019-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121038/https://www.paulding.gov/404/History |archive-date=2019-01-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

On October 18, 1903, "Ole 88" Engine 345, a steam-powered [[locomotive]], jumped its tracks and tore down part of the Pumpkinvine Creek Trestle.  The Pumpkinvine Creek Trestle, which was originally built in 1901, was rebuilt after the accident.  The trestle is over 750 feet long and towers 126 feet above Pumpkinvine Creek.  The trestle was restored in 1999 and now serves as part of the [[Silver Comet Trail]].<ref name="paulding.gov"/>

In 1951, the name of the Town of Dallas, Georgia was changed to The City of Dallas, Georgia.  The name change was accomplished to comply with federal legislation allowing “cities” to create housing authorities, and other federal-related entities.<ref name="dallasga.gov"/>

On April 4, 1977, near the site marker for the [[Battle of New Hope Church]], the forced landing of [[Southern Airways Flight 242]] occurred.  The passenger jetliner, a [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9]] with 81 passengers and 4 crew members, was flying from [[Northwest Alabama Regional Airport]] to [[Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport|Atlanta Municipal Airport]].  Upon descending in altitude to prepare for landing in [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]], the jetliner started to fly through an intense thunderstorm near [[Rome, Georgia]].  Because of the extreme amounts of water and hail that were ingested by the jet's engines, both of the [[Pratt & Whitney JT8D#Accidents|Pratt & Whitney JT8D-7A]] [[turbojet|turbojet engines]] were damaged and underwent [[flameout]].<ref name="tn770607">{{cite news |agency=[[Associated Press]] |newspaper=[[The Tuscaloosa News]] |title=Cockpit recorder played at hearing |page=14 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WggdAAAAIBAJ&pg=6791,1534948&dq=national-weather-service+radio+huntsville&hl=en |date=June 7, 1977 |access-date=March 20, 2010}}</ref><ref name="ASA Accident Description">{{cite web |title=Accident Description |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19770404-1 |website=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref>  With the engines unable to restart, the flight's crew began gliding in hopes of reaching a nearby airport.  Upon finding out that there were no nearby airports to perform a landing, the crew found a straight section of rural road in Dallas, Georgia to try and land.  As the plane began to land, it clipped a gas station, convenience store, and other buildings, resulting in the plane to lose control of landing and ultimately crash, resulting in hull loss.  Both pilots and 61 passengers were killed by impact forces and fire. Nine people on the ground were also killed.<ref name="AAR-78-03 Final Report">{{cite book |publisher=[[National Transportation Safety Board]] |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR7803.pdf |title=NTSB Aircraft Accident Report - Southern Airways Inc., DC-9-31, N1335U, New Hope, Georgia, April 4, 1977 |id=NTSB-AAR-78-3 |date=January 26, 1978 |access-date=January 2, 2018}}</ref>

In the early 2000s the city completed a major refurbishment of downtown Dallas, which included adding and updating sidewalks, adding red brick to the roadways, creation of a large courtyard in the center of town, updating existing structural facades, adding a fountain area near the downtown gazebo, and further preserving historic downtown structures.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.georgiatrend.com/2016/07/01/paulding-county-soaring-ahead/|title=Paulding County: Soaring Ahead|date=July 1, 2016}}</ref>