Editing Dalai Lama (section)

==Names==
The title "Dalai Lama" is part of the full title "圣 识一切 瓦齐尔达喇 达赖 喇嘛" (Holiness Knowing Everying [[Vajradhara]] Dalai Lama) given by [[Altan Khan]]. "Dalai Lama" is a combination of the [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]] word {{lang|xgn|dalai}} ({{gloss|ocean}}){{sfn|Schwieger|2014|p=33}} and the [[Standard Tibetan|Tibetan]] word {{Bo-textonly|lang=bo|བླ་མ་}} ({{lang|bo-Latn|bla-ma}}) ({{gloss|master, guru}}).<ref name="陈庆英2005_p16">{{cite book |author=陈庆英 |title=达赖喇嘛转世及历史定制英 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haMIsdC3iZwC&pg=PA16 |year=2005 |publisher=五洲传播出版社 |isbn=978-7-5085-0745-3 |pages=16– }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Oliver |first=Joan Duncan |title=Buddhism: An Introduction to the Buddha's Life, Teachings, and Practices |date=April 2019 |publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|St. Martin's Essentials]] |isbn=978-1-250-31368-3 |edition=1st |location=New York |pages=42 |language=en-US}}</ref> The word {{lang|xgn|dalai}} corresponds to the Tibetan word ''gyatso<ref>Laird 2006, p. 143.</ref>'' or ''rgya-mtsho'',''<ref name="EB" />'' and, according to Schwieger, was chosen by analogy with the Mongolian title {{lang|mn-Latn|Dalaiyin qan}}{{sfn|Schwieger|2014|p=33}} or {{lang|mn-Latn|Dalaiin khan}}.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}} Others suggest it may have been chosen in reference to the breadth of the Dalai Lama's wisdom.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-10 |title=Dalai Lama {{!}} Meaning, People, Facts, & History {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dalai-Lama |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> The Dalai Lama is also known in Tibetan as the ''Rgyal-ba Rin-po-che'' ({{gloss|Precious Conqueror}})<ref name="EB">{{Britannica|150076|Dalai Lama}}</ref> or simply as the ''Rgyal-ba''.<ref name="Petech">{{cite book |last=Petech |first=Luciano |title=The Kingdom of Ladakh, c.&nbsp;950–1842 A.D. |publisher=Instituto Italiano Per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente |year=1977 |url=https://www.academia.edu/download/48901732/1977_Kingdom_of_Ladakh_c_950-1842_AD_by_Petech_s.pdf |via=academia.edu}}{{dead link|date=July 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>{{rp|23}}

[[File:朵兒只唱圖記.png|thumb|220px|Duǒ Er Zhǐ Chàng, seal of authority<ref>http://www.tibetology.ac.cn/2023-11/24/content_42609192.htm “朵儿只唱”图记是一枚明代象牙图章，方形印面，配以狮钮，高6.1厘米、边长5.2厘米，原收藏于西藏罗布林卡，现收藏于西藏博物馆 The "Duǒ Er Zhǐ Chàng" seal is an ivory seal from the Ming Dynasty. It has a square seal face and a lion button. It is 6.1 cm high and 5.2 cm long. It was originally collected in the Norbulingka in Tibet and is now collected in the Tibet Museum.</ref>]]

As requested by the third Shunyi King of Ming China, Chelike, Sonam Gyatso was given title Duǒ Er Zhǐ Chàng (朵儿只唱) by the [[Wanli Emperor]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Blzk5WjeZWUC&dq=%E6%9C%B5%E5%84%BF%E5%8F%AA%E5%94%B1&pg=PA102 | isbn=978-7-80113-884-2 | title=历史的见证 | date=2001 | publisher=五洲传播出版社}}俺答汗的孙子扯力克袭封顺义王，即向明朝政府写信，请求赐给索南嘉措“朵儿只唱”的封号。 Altan Khan's grandson Chelik inherited the title of Shunyi King and wrote a letter to the Ming government, requesting that Sonam Gyatso be granted the title of "Duǒ Er Zhǐ Chàng".</ref><ref>《明实录》又载：“万历十五年（1587）十月丁卯……番僧答赖（即达赖）准升‘朵儿只唱名号，仍给敕命、图书……” 
 [[Ming Veritable Records]]: "In the 15th year of the Wanli reign (1587), on October 11, the foreign monk Dalai (i.e., the Dalai Lama) was allowed to be promoted to the title of 'Duǒ Er Zhǐ Chàng' and was still given imperial edicts and books...</ref>

In 1616, the Ming Government granted the title "Universally Holding Vajra Buddha (普持金刚佛)".<ref>http://www.qinghistory.cn/qsjj/qsjj_bjmz/363646.shtml 明万历四十四年（1616），明政府赐云丹嘉措“普持金刚佛”封号。 In the 44th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1616), the Ming government bestowed the title of "Universally Holding Vajra Buddha" on Yundan Gyatso.</ref>

In 1654 AD, the Qing government granted the title "Freedom Buddha of the Great Goodness of the Western Paradise Leading the World of Buddhism Knowing Everything [[Vajradhara]] Dalai Lama (西天大善自在佛所领天下释教普通瓦赤喇怛喇达赖喇嘛)".<ref>http://www.qinghistory.cn/qsjj/qsjj_bjmz/363646.shtml 次年四月，五世达赖喇嘛离京返藏，途经代噶（今内蒙古自治区凉城县）时，清政府派礼部和理藩院官员前往赍（jī，把东西送人）送金册金印，册印上用汉、满、蒙、藏四种文字刻写着清政府对五世达赖喇嘛的封号：“西天大善自在佛所领天下释教普通瓦赤喇怛喇达赖喇嘛”。从这个封号看，“西天大善自在佛所领天下释教”是清政府新增加的，“所”字限制了达赖喇嘛管辖藏传佛教的范围；“普通瓦赤喇怛喇达赖喇嘛”是延用了俺答汗赠送索南嘉措的尊号；“普通”即“识一切”，“瓦赤喇怛喇”即“瓦齐尔达喇”。此后，历辈达赖喇嘛都必须经过清政府册封，成为定制，并延续上述封号，其政治地位也因此得以确定。清政府在册封五世达赖喇嘛的同时，还用金册印封顾实汗为“遵行文义敏慧顾实汗”。 In April of the following year, when the Fifth Dalai Lama left Beijing for Tibet and passed through Deka (now Liangcheng County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region), the Qing government sent officials from the Ministry of Rites and the Lifanyuan to deliver a golden book and a golden seal. The book and seal were engraved with the title of the Fifth Dalai Lama by the Qing government in four languages: Chinese, Manchu, Mongolian, and Tibetan: "the Freedom Buddha of the Great Goodness of the Western Paradise Leading the World of Buddhism Knowing Everything Vajradhara Dalai Lama" While conferring the title on the Fifth Dalai Lama, the Qing government also used a golden seal to confer the title of "Gushri Khan following the rules and being intelligent and righteous" on Gushri Khan.</ref>

In 1908, the Qing Government granted the title "Sincere Obedient and Praised the Freedom Buddha of the Great Goodness of the Western Paradise (诚顺赞化西天大善自在佛)".<ref>http://www.qinghistory.cn/qsjj/qsjj_bjmz/363646.shtml 光绪三十四年（1908）九月初四，十三世达赖喇嘛到北京觐见光绪帝和慈禧皇太后。十月初十，清政府加封十三世达赖喇嘛为“诚顺赞化西天大善自在佛”。 On the fourth day of the ninth month in the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1908), the 13th Dalai Lama went to Beijing to meet Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi. On the tenth day of the tenth month, the Qing government conferred the title of "Sincere Obedient and Praised the Freedom Buddha of the Great Goodness of the Western Paradise" on the 13th Dalai Lama.</ref>