Editing Cymru (section)

== Etymology ==
{{see also|Etymology of Wales|Wales#Etymology}}
[[File:Britain.peoples.original.traditional.jpg|thumb]]
The modern Welsh name {{lang|cy|Cymru}} is the Welsh name for Wales, while the name for the [[Welsh people]] is {{lang|cy|Cymry}}. These words (both of which are pronounced {{IPA|cy|ˈkəm.rɨ|}}) are descended from the [[Common Brittonic|Brythonic]] word ''combrogi'', meaning "fellow-countrymen" or a "compatriot".{{sfn|Davies|1994|p=69}}<ref name="WalesPN">{{Cite web |date=2018-11-27 |title=Welsh language history – place names |url=https://www.wales.com/about/language/place-names-wales |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Wales |language=en}}</ref> The use of the word {{lang|cy|Cymry}} as a self-designation derives from the location in the [[Sub-Roman Britain|post-Roman era]] (after the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons) of the Welsh (Brythonic-speaking) people in modern Wales as well as in northern England and southern Scotland ({{lang|cy|[[Hen Ogledd|Yr Hen Ogledd]]}}, 'The Old North'). It emphasised that the Welsh in modern Wales and the {{lang|cy|Hen Ogledd}} were one people, different from other peoples.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lloyd |first=John Edward |author-link=John Edward Lloyd |year=1911 |title=A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest (Note to Chapter VI, the Name "Cymry") |volume=I |edition=Second |publisher=Longmans, Green, and Co. |publication-date=1912 |location=London |pages=191–192 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NYwNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA191 }}</ref> In particular, the term was not applied to the [[Cornish people|Cornish]] or the [[Breton people|Breton]] peoples, who are of similar heritage, culture, and language to the Welsh. The word came into use as a self-description probably before the 7th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Phillimore |first=Egerton |year=1891 |editor-last=Phillimore |editor-first=Egerton |contribution=Note (a) to The Settlement of Brittany |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M35QO0vor-EC&pg=PA97 |title=Y Cymmrodor |volume=XI |publisher=[[Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion]] |publication-date=1892 |location=London |pages=97–101 }}</ref> It is attested in a praise poem to {{lang|cy|[[Cadwallon ap Cadfan]]|italic=no}} ({{lang|cy|Moliant Cadwallon}}, by {{lang|cy|Afan Ferddig|italic=no}}) {{circa|633}}.{{sfn|Davies|1994|p=71}}<ref>the poem contains the line: 'Ar wynep Kymry Cadwallawn was'.</ref> In [[Literature of Wales (Welsh language)|Welsh literature]], the word {{lang|cy|Cymry}} was used throughout the [[Middle Ages]] to describe the Welsh, though the older, more generic term {{lang|cy|Brythoniaid}} continued to be used to describe any of the [[Britons (historical)|Britonnic peoples]] (including the Welsh) and was the more common literary term until {{circa|1200}}. Thereafter {{lang|cy|Cymry}} prevailed as a reference to the Welsh. Until {{circa|1560}} the word was spelt {{lang|wlm|Kymry}} or {{lang|wlm|Cymry}}, regardless of whether it referred to the people or their homeland,{{sfn|Davies|1994|p=69}} including as ''Kymry'', in the ''[[Armes Prydein]]'', in the 10th century.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Rebecca |date=2017-10-06 |title=How the people of Wales became Welsh |url=http://theconversation.com/how-the-people-of-wales-became-welsh-82192 |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Etymology of Wales|"Wales" on the other hand]], is derived from an [[Old English]] word meaning 'foreigner', specifically those who were under [[Wales in the Roman era|Roman rule]] (specifically a 'Romanised foreigner').<ref name="WalesPN" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Petro |first=Pamela |date=1993-05-02 |title=Gymru and Cymru and All That |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/02/travel/gymru-and-cymru-and-all-that.html |access-date=2024-01-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> [[Cambria]] is a medieval [[Latin]] name also historically used to refer to Wales, and is a [[Latinisation (historical)|latinisation]] of {{lang|cy|Cymru}}.<ref>{{Cite Collins Dictionary|cambria|access-date=21 January 2024}}</ref>