Editing Cultural genocide (section)

== History ==

=== Etymology ===
The notion of 'cultural genocide' was acknowledged as early as 1944, when lawyer [[Raphael Lemkin]] distinguished a cultural component of genocide.<ref name="AutoCK-1"/> In 1989, [[Robert Badinter]], a French criminal lawyer known for his stance against the death penalty, used the term "cultural genocide" on a television show to describe what he said was the disappearance of [[Tibetan culture]] in the presence of the [[14th Dalai Lama]].<ref name="AutoCK-10"/> The Dalai Lama would later use the term in 1993<ref name="AutoCK-11"/> and again [[2008 Tibetan unrest|in 2008]].<ref name="AutoCK-12"/>

===United Nations proposals===
{{see also | United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples }}

The concept of cultural genocide was originally included in drafts of the 1948 [[Genocide Convention]].<ref name="AbtahiWebb2008" /><ref name="Davidson2012" /><ref name="AutoCK-2" /> Genocide was defined as the destruction of a group's language, religion, or culture through one of several methods. This definition of genocide was rejected by the drafting committee by a vote of 25 to 16, with 4 abstentions.<ref>{{cite book |last=Flores |first=Marcello |chapter=Introduction |date=2023-12-05 |title=Monuments and Identities in the Caucasus |pages=1–11 |url=https://brill.com/display/book/9789004677388/BP000001.xml |access-date=19 March 2024 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |language=en |doi=10.1163/9789004677388_002 |isbn=978-90-04-67738-8}}</ref>

Article 7 of a 1994 draft of the [[United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples]] (DRIP) uses the phrase "cultural genocide" but does not define what it means.<ref name="AutoCK-4"/> The complete article in the draft read as follows:
:Indigenous peoples have the collective and individual right not to be subjected to [[ethnocide]] and cultural genocide, including prevention of and redress for:
::(a) Any action which has the aim or effect of depriving them of their integrity as distinct peoples, or of their cultural values or ethnic identities;
::(b) Any action which has the aim or effect of dispossessing them of their lands, territories or resources;
::(c) Any form of [[population transfer]] which has the aim or effect of violating or undermining any of their rights;
::(d) Any form of [[acculturation|assimilation or integration]] by other cultures or ways of life imposed on them by legislative, administrative or other measures;
::(e) Any form of propaganda directed against them.

This wording only ever appeared in a draft. The DRIP—which was adopted by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] during its 62nd session at [[UN Headquarters]] in New York City on 13 September 2007—only makes reference to genocide once, when it mentions "genocide, or any other act of violence" in Article 7. Though the concept of "ethnocide" and "cultural genocide" was removed in the version adopted by the General Assembly, the sub-points from the draft noted above were retained (with slightly expanded wording) in Article 8 that speaks to "the right not to be subject to forced assimilation."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp-content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf |title=United Nations Declaration on Rights of Indigenous Peoples |publisher=[[United Nations]] |page=10 |date=13 September 2007 |access-date=9 June 2015 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>