Editing Criticism of copyright (section)

==Economic arguments==
[[File:Anti-copyright.svg|thumb|right|An anti-copyright symbol]]
===Non-scarcity===
{{Main|Artificial scarcity}}
There is an argument that copyright is invalid because, unlike physical property, intellectual property is not scarce and is a legal fiction created by the state. The argument claims that [[copyright infringement]], unlike theft, does not deprive the victim of the original item.<ref>Kinsella, Stephan ''[https://mises.org/library/against-intellectual-property-0 Against Intellectual Property] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008104040/https://mises.org/library/against-intellectual-property-0 |date=October 8, 2022 }}'' (2008) ''Ludwig von Mises Institute''.</ref><ref>Green, Stuart P. ''[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/29/opinion/theft-law-in-the-21st-century.html When Stealing Isn't Stealing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130200701/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/29/opinion/theft-law-in-the-21st-century.html |date=January 30, 2018 }}'' (2012) The New York Times</ref>

===Historical comparison===
It is unclear if copyright laws are economically stimulating for most authors, and it is uncommon for copyright laws to be evaluated based on empirical studies of their impacts.<ref>{{Cite conference |last=Heald |first=Paul J. |date=2007-01-09 |title=Property Rights and the Efficient Exploitation of Copyrighted Works: An Empirical Analysis of Public Domain and Copyrighted Fiction Best Sellers |conference=2nd Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies |language=en |doi=10.2139/ssrn.955954 |ssrn=955954 |s2cid=152927560 |url=https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/mlr/591 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Public Domain |last=Boyle |first=James |url=http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ |year=2008 |access-date=August 22, 2018 |archive-date=January 24, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160124052602/http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |first=Jessica |last=Litman |date=2010-01-14 |title=Real Copyright Reform |journal=Iowa Law Review |volume=96 |issue=1 |language=en |ssrn=1474929}}</ref>