Editing Cordwainer Smith (section)

==Biography==
===Early life and education===
Linebarger's father, Paul Myron Wentworth Linebarger, was a lawyer, working as a judge in the Philippines. There he met Chinese nationalist [[Sun Yat-sen]] to whom he became an advisor. Linebarger's father sent his wife to give birth in Milwaukee, Wisconsin so that their child would be eligible to become president of the United States. Sun Yat-sen, who was considered the father of Chinese nationalism, became Linebarger's [[Godparent|godfather]].<ref name="JH">{{Cite magazine
|last1=Stimpson|first1=Ashley|last2=Irtenkauf |first2=Jeffrey |date=5 September 2018|title=Throngs of himself|url=https://hub.jhu.edu/magazine/2018/fall/cordwainer-smith-paul-linebarger/|access-date=2023-02-03|magazine=The Johns Hopkins Magazine|language=en}}</ref>

His young life  was unsettled as his father moved the family to a succession of places in Asia, Europe, and the United States. He was sometimes sent to boarding schools for safety. In all, Linebarger attended more than 30 schools. In 1919, while at a boarding school in Hawaii, he was blinded in his right eye, which was replaced by a glass eye. The vision in his remaining eye was impaired by infection.<ref name=JH/>

Linebarger was familiar with English, German, and Chinese<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hornbeck |first1=Stanley K. |title=Paul M. A. Linebarger, 1913-1966: An Appreciation. |journal=World Affairs |date=1966 |volume=129 |issue=2 |pages=79–82 |jstor=20670775 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/20670775 |access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref> by adulthood. At the age of 23, he received a [[PhD]] in [[political science]] from [[Johns Hopkins University]].<ref name=JH/>

===Career===
{{More citations needed section|date=November 2015}}
From 1937 to 1946, Linebarger held a faculty appointment at [[Duke University]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://polisci.duke.edu/about/history |title=Our 85 Year History |publisher=Duke Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Political Science |access-date=January 26, 2021}}</ref> where he began producing highly regarded works on [[Far Eastern]] affairs.

While retaining his professorship at Duke after the beginning of [[World War II]], Linebarger began serving as a [[second lieutenant]] of the [[United States Army]], where he was involved in the creation of the [[United States Office of War Information|Office of War Information]] and the Operation Planning and Intelligence Board. He also helped organize the army's first [[psychological warfare]] section. In 1943, he was sent to [[China]] to coordinate military intelligence operations. When he later pursued his interest in China, Linebarger became a close confidant of [[Chiang Kai-shek]]. By the end of the war, he had risen to the rank of [[Major (rank)|major]]. In 1947, Linebarger moved to the Johns Hopkins University's [[School of Advanced International Studies]] in Washington, DC, where he served as Professor of [[Asiatic Studies]]. He used his experiences in the war to write the book ''[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/48612/48612-h/48612-h.htm Psychological Warfare]'' (1948), regarded by many in the field as a classic text.

He eventually rose to the rank of [[colonel]] in the reserves. He was recalled to advise the British forces in the [[Malayan Emergency]] and the [[U.S. Eighth Army]] in the [[Korean War]]. While he was known to call himself a "visitor to small wars", he refrained from becoming involved in the [[Vietnam War]], but is known to have done work for the [[Central Intelligence Agency]].  In 1969 CIA officer [[Miles Copeland Jr.]] wrote that Linebarger was "perhaps the leading practitioner of 'black' and 'gray' propaganda in the Western world".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Copeland |first1=Miles Jr. |author-link=Miles Copeland Jr.|title=The Game of Nations|url=https://archive.org/details/gameofnations0000unse |url-access=registration |date=1969|publisher=Simon & Schuster|pages=[https://archive.org/details/gameofnations0000unse/page/100 100], 113|isbn=9780671205324 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=New Book Points Up Middle East Involvement|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/62613878/|access-date=22 June 2017|publisher=San Antonio Express|date=12 August 1969}}</ref> According to Joseph Burkholder Smith, a former CIA operative, he conducted classes in psychological warfare for CIA agents at his home in Washington under cover of his position at the School of Advanced International Studies.<ref name=JH/><ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Joseph Burkholder |title=Portrait of Cold War |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |year=1976 |location=New York |pages=86–87}}</ref> He traveled extensively and became a member of the [[Foreign Policy Association]], and was called upon to advise President [[John F. Kennedy]].

===Marriage and family===
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In 1936, Linebarger married Margaret Snow. They had a daughter in 1942 and another in 1947. They divorced in 1949.

In 1950, Linebarger married his second wife Genevieve Collins; they had no children. They remained married until his death from a heart attack in 1966, at [[Johns Hopkins University#Medical|Johns Hopkins University Medical Center]] in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], at age 53. Linebarger had expressed a wish to retire to Australia, which he had visited in his travels. He is buried in [[Arlington National Cemetery]], Section 35, Grave Number 4712. His widow, Genevieve Collins Linebarger, was interred with him on November 16, 1981.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/linebarg.htm |title=Paul Myron Anthony Linebarger |access-date=November 29, 2008 |archive-date=December 26, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081226011453/http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/linebarg.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>