Editing Cognitive linguistics (section)

== Background ==
The roots of cognitive linguistics are in [[Noam Chomsky]]'s 1959 critical review of [[B. F. Skinner]]'s ''[[Verbal Behavior]]''. Chomsky's rejection of [[behavioural psychology]] and his subsequent anti-behaviourist activity helped bring about a shift of focus from [[empiricism]] to [[mentalism (psychology)|mentalism]] in psychology under the new concepts of [[cognitive psychology]] and [[cognitive science]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Greenwood |first=John D |date=1999 |title=Understanding the 'cognitive revolution' in psychology |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229735544 |journal=Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=1–22 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1520-6696(199924)35:1<1::AID-JHBS1>3.0.CO;2-4 |access-date=2020-02-22}}</ref>

Chomsky considered linguistics as a subfield of cognitive science in the 1970s but called his model transformational or [[generative grammar]]. Having been engaged with Chomsky in the [[linguistic wars]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Harris |first=Randy Allen |date=1995 |title=The Linguistics Wars |location=Oxford |publisher=OUP |isbn=978-0-19-983906-3 }}</ref> [[George Lakoff]] united in the early 1980s with [[Ronald Langacker]] and other advocates of [[Evolutionary linguistics |neo-Darwinian linguistics]] in a so-called "Lakoff–Langacker agreement". It is suggested that they picked the name "cognitive linguistics" for their new framework to undermine the reputation of generative grammar as a cognitive science.<ref name=Peeters2001>{{cite book |last=Peeters |first=Bert |editor-last=Dirven |editor-first=René |title=Language and Ideology, Vol.1: Theoretical Cognitive Approaches |publisher=John Benjamins |date=2001 |pages=83–106 |chapter=Does cognitive linguistics live up to its name? |isbn=978-90-272-9954-3|chapter-url=http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/LangIdeo/Peeters/Peeters.html}}</ref>

Consequently, there are three competing approaches that today consider themselves as true representatives of cognitive linguistics. One is the Lakoffian–Langackerian brand with capitalised initials ([[#Cognitive Linguistics (linguistics framework)|Cognitive Linguistics]]). The second is generative grammar, while the third approach is proposed by scholars whose work falls outside the scope of the other two. They argue that cognitive linguistics should not be taken as the name of a specific selective framework, but as a whole field of scientific research that is assessed by its evidential rather than theoretical value.<ref name=Schwarz-Friesel2012 />