Editing Chino Hills, California (section)

==History==
===Indigenous===
Prior to the colonization of the area by the [[Spanish Empire]] in the late 18th century, the [[Tongva]] village of [[Wapijanga]] (submerged by the building of the [[Prado Dam]] in 1941) was the major point of influence in what would later become Chino Hills. The village was an important point of connection between the Tongva and the [[Serrano people|Serrano]]. Another Tongva village, [[Pasinogna, California|Pasinogna]], was also located in present day Chino Hills<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |date=2020 |title=Chino Hills State Park Road and Trail Management Plan |url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/pages/1324/files/CHSP%20RTMP%20FINAL.sm.pdf |journal=California State Parks Inland Empire District Chino Hills State Park |pages=156}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Lewinnek |first=Elaine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1226813397 |title=A people's guide to Orange County |date=2022 |others=Gustavo Arellano, Thuy Vo Dang |isbn=978-0-520-97155-4 |location=Oakland, California |pages=127 |oclc=1226813397}}</ref>

=== Spanish & Mexican===
After the Spanish founded [[Mission San Gabriel]] in 1771, the [[Chino Hills]] area was used as spillover grazing pasture by mission cattle and horses. In 1841, the area was part of a [[Ranchos of California|land concession]] given to [[Lugo family of California|Antonio Maria Lugo]], and became known as [[Rancho Santa Ana del Chino]]. In 1846, the [[Battle of Chino]], a notable battle of the [[Mexican–American War|Mexican-American War]] was fought on a battlefield in Chino Hills. After Mexico ceded California to the United States in 1848, the land continued to be used for cattle ranching.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parks |first=California State |title=California State Parks |url=https://www.parks.ca.gov |access-date=2025-05-13 |website=CA State Parks |language=en}}</ref>

=== American===
In 1848, the [[California gold rush]] began in [[Northern California]]. Meanwhile, in [[Southern California]], cattle ranchers made fortunes in the beef trade, feeding the influx of migrants. In 1858, Chino Hills became one of the [[stagecoach]] stations of the [[Butterfield Overland Mail]]. In 1881, the land was sold to Richard Gird, a miner from [[Tombstone, Arizona]], who had plans to develop the land. In 1893, after being impacted by economic depression, Gird was forced to sell the land to a group of real estate investors who developed the town of [[Chino, California|Chino]], which was incorporated in 1910.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.losserranoscountryclub.com/history/ |title=Los Serranos Country Club History |access-date=October 18, 2006 |publisher=Los Serranos Golf and Country Club |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060908061343/http://www.losserranoscountryclub.com/history/ |archive-date=September 8, 2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Around this time, a resort was opened at [[La Vida Mineral Springs]] in Carbon Canyon, in the modern-day [[California State Route 142|Sleepy Hollow]] region of the city. In 1925, the [[Los Serranos, Chino Hills, California|Los Serranos]] Country Club opened. The area became a destination for both tourists and bootleggers during the [[Prohibition in the United States|prohibition era]] because of its relative isolation. For the same reason, Sleepy Hollow became a destination for hippies and artists during the 1960s.<ref name="latimes">{{cite news|last=Sullivan |first=Susan |title=Room to Roam, Family Style |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=February 8, 2004 |url=http://www.latimes.com/classified/realestate/printedition/la-re-guide8feb08,0,1043207,full.story?coll=la-class-realestate |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121021080645/http://www.latimes.com/classified/realestate/printedition/la-re-guide8feb08,0,1043207,full.story?coll=la-class-realestate |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 21, 2012 |access-date=January 18, 2007 }}
</ref> As Southern California grew, suburban housing began replacing farmlands. Developers targeted Chino Hills for its scenic views and proximity to L.A. and Orange counties. During the late 1980s, the area experienced a surge of development, and an incorporation effort began. In 1991, the city of Chino Hills was [[municipal corporation|incorporated]] with a population of 42,000.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.chinohills.org/index.asp?nid=94 | title = Chino Hills - Demographics | access-date = October 18, 2006 | publisher = City of Chino Hills}}</ref>