Editing China Central Television (section)

==History==
In 1954, CCP [[Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party|chairman]] [[Mao Zedong]] put forward that China should establish its own TV station. On 5 February 1955, the central broadcasting bureau reported to the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China|State Council]] and proposed the program of establishing a medium-sized television station, later on premier [[Zhou Enlai]] included in China's first [[Five-year plans of China|five-year plan]] the planned introduction of television broadcasts. In December 1957, the central broadcasting bureau sent Luo Donghe and Meng Qiyu to the [[Soviet Union]] and the [[East Germany|German Democratic Republic]] for the inspection of their TV stations (see [[Television in the Soviet Union]] and [[Deutscher Fernsehfunk]]), then the duo returned to Beijing to prepare for the establishment of the TV station.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}} Said station officially signed on for the first time as Beijing Television on 1 May 1958.{{citation needed|date=December 2024}}

Beijing Television was formally renamed China Central Television on 1 May 1978, and a new logo was unveiled, in time for its 20th anniversary.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cctv.com/english/20030805/101215.shtml|title=CCTV-English Channel|access-date=1 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209014836/http://www.cctv.com/english/20030805/101215.shtml|archive-date=9 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

Until the late 1970s, CCTV held only evening broadcasts, usually closing down at midnight. During the summer and winter academic vacations, it occasionally transmitted daytime programming for students, while special daytime programs were aired during national holidays.

In 1980, CCTV experimented with news relays from local and central television studios via [[microwave]].<ref>Miller, T. (2003). ''Television: Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies''. Routledge. {{ISBN|978-0-415-25502-8}}.</ref> It also had its first international collaboration that year, production of the documentary series ''Silk Road'' with Japan's public broadcasting company, [[NHK]].<ref name=":Qian">{{Cite book |last=Qian |first=Ying |title=Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China |date=2024 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=9780231204477 |location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{Rp|page=234}} In 1984, CCTV established the wholly-owned subsidiary {{Interlanguage link|China International Television Corporation|qid=Q10873428}} (CITVC).<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Davis |first=Rebecca |date=2019-11-05 |title='China Nature' Series Set Up by BBC and CITVC |url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/asia/china-nature-series-bbc-and-citvc-1203393240/ |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |language=en-US |archive-date=24 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724223828/https://variety.com/2019/tv/asia/china-nature-series-bbc-and-citvc-1203393240/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

By 1985, CCTV had already become a leading television network in China. In 1987, CCTV grew due to the adaptation and presentation of ''[[Dream of the Red Chamber (1987 TV series)|Dream of the Red Chamber]],'' the first Chinese television drama to enter the global market.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=33}} In the same year, CCTV exported 10,216 shows to 77 foreign television stations.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=33}}

Initially, the CCP's Central Publicity Department issued directive [[Censorship in the People's Republic of China|censorship]] of programs. During reform in the 1990s, it adopted new standards for CCTV, "affordability" and "acceptability", loosening the previous government control.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Kops |first=Manfred |title=Internationalization of the Chinese TV Sector |last2=Ollig |first2=Stefan |date=2007 |publisher=LIT Verlag Münster |isbn=978-3-8258-0753-5 |language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|page=34}} Affordability refers to purchasing ability of programs, while acceptability requires that a program has acceptable content, preventing the broadcast of material that contains inappropriate content or expresses views against the CCP.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=35}}

In March 2018, as the nation began marking the 60th year of television, CCTV ownership changed hands to a new state holding group, the [[China Media Group]], as part of the [[deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions]].<ref name=":2" />

=== Overseas broadcasting ===
{{Further|China Global Television Network}}

In 1990, CCTV subsidiary, CITVC,<ref name=":3" /> established China Television Corporation in California to distribute CCTV content in the U.S.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=About Us |url=http://www.chinatvcorp.com/main/index.php/en/about |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828034417/http://www.chinatvcorp.com/main/index.php/en/about |archive-date=28 August 2022 |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.chinatvcorp.com |language=en}}</ref> In 2000, CCTV's all-English channel, known as CCTV-9 or CCTV International, was launched.<ref name=":4" />

In 2001, the Great Foreign Publicity Plan was launched by [[Xu Guangchun]], the head of SARFT, also the deputy head of the CCP's Central Publicity Department after the urgency of bringing the voice of China to the world was presented by [[Jiang Zemin]], former [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party]].{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} The idea of an English channel was brought out in 1996. CCTV-4 had three half-hour English news broadcasting every day, but later, on 25 September 2000, CCTV-9 a satellite channel was set up to be the first 24-hour English channel, aimed to establish the overseas market. In October 2001, CCTV partnered with AOL Time Warner and other foreign news corporations, giving them access to the Chinese media market in exchange for cable delivery in the US and Europe, mainly delivering CCTV-9 programs.<ref name="Zhu2010">{{cite book |author=Ying Zhu |author-link=Ying Zhu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qkgFB0J8YxwC |title=Two Billion Eyes: The Story of China Central Television |date=4 May 2010 |publisher=New Press |isbn=978-1-59558-802-9 |access-date=8 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224063320/https://books.google.com/books?id=qkgFB0J8YxwC |archive-date=24 December 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The CCTV-4 channel split into three separate channels on 1 April 2007—each serving different time zones: [[China Standard Time]] (CST), [[Greenwich Mean Time]] (GMT), and [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern Standard Time]] (EST)—in order to improve service for audiences around the world.<ref name="ad">[http://www.adweek.com/aw/google/article_brief/1003541507 CCTV: One Network, 1.2&nbsp;Billion Viewers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126204339/http://www.adweek.com/aw/google/article_brief/1003541507|date=26 January 2018}} , ''Adweek'', 5 February 2007.</ref>

On 25 July 2009, CCTV launched its Arabic-language international channel, stating that it aims to maintain stronger links with Arab nations.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2009-07-25 |title=China launches Arabic TV channel |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8166486.stm |access-date=2022-11-27 |archive-date=19 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819222441/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8166486.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2015 and 2018, CCTV signed cooperation agreements with Russian state media outlet [[RT (TV network)|RT]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Davidson |first=Helen |date=31 March 2022 |title=Close ties allow Russian propaganda to spread swiftly through China, report claims |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/31/close-ties-allow-russia-propaganda-to-spread-through-china |url-status=live |access-date=9 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408103418/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/31/close-ties-allow-russia-propaganda-to-spread-through-china |archive-date=8 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=25 June 2015 |title=CCTV and Russian RT TV signed a memorandum of understanding on cooperation |language=zh |work=China Central Television |url=http://news.cntv.cn/2015/06/25/ARTI1435230577721605.shtml |url-status=live |access-date=9 April 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220318230557/http://m.news.cntv.cn/2015/06/25/ARTI1435230577721605.shtml |archive-date=18 March 2022}}</ref>

In December 2016, CCTV's foreign language services were spun off into [[China Global Television Network|China Global Television Network (CGTN)]].<ref name=":4">{{Citation |last1=Hu |first1=Zhengrong |title=From the outside in: CCTV going global in a new world communication order |date=2017-11-27 |work=China's Media Go Global |pages=67–78 |editor-last=Thussu |editor-first=Daya Kishan |edition=1 |publisher=Routledge |language=en |doi=10.4324/9781315619668-5 |isbn=978-1-315-61966-8 |last2=Ji |first2=Deqiang |last3=Gong |first3=Yukun |editor2-last=de Burgh |editor2-first=Hugo |editor3-last=Shi |editor3-first=Anbin}}</ref>

CCTV and [[Uzbekistan]]'s National Television and Radio Corporation (UzTRK) cooperate to produce joint programs and documentaries.<ref name=":Sun">{{Cite book |last=Sun |first=Yi |title=China under Xi Jinping: A New Assessment |publisher=[[Leiden University Press]] |year=2024 |isbn=9789087284411 |editor-last=Fang |editor-first=Qiang |chapter=Necessitated by Geopolitics: China's Economic and Cultural Initiatives in Central Asia |jstor=jj.15136086 |editor-last2=Li |editor-first2=Xiaobing}}</ref>{{Rp|page=159}}

[[File:Lassina Zerbo interviewed by China Central Television.jpg|thumb|[[Lassina Zerbo]] interviewed by China Central Television]]

==== China Network Television ====
{{main|China Network Television}}

[[China Network Television]] (CNTV) was an internet-based broadcaster of China Central Television which launched on 28 December 2009.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lin |first=Lisa |title=Convergent Chinese Television Industries: An Ethnography of Chinese Production Cultures |series=Palgrave Global Media Policy and Business |date=2022-06-15 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-030-91756-2 |pages=32 |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-91756-2 |s2cid=249726789 |oclc=1333705685}}</ref>