Editing Chile (section)

==Etymology==<!--linked-->
There are various theories about the origin of the word ''Chile''. According to 17th-century Spanish chronicler [[Diego de Rosales]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chile.com/tpl/articulo/detalle/ver.tpl?cod_articulo=7225 |title=La Incógnita Sobre el Origen de la Palabra Chile |work=Chile.com |date=15 June 2000 |access-date=17 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090415204553/http://www.chile.com/tpl/articulo/detalle/ver.tpl?cod_articulo=7225 |archive-date=15 April 2009 }}</ref> the [[Incas]] called the valley of the [[Aconcagua River|Aconcagua]] ''Chili'' by corruption of the name of a [[Picunche]] [[tribal chief]] ({{lang|es|[[cacique]]}}) called ''Tili'', who ruled the area at the time of the Incan conquest in the 15th century.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/459648/Picunche |title=Picunche (people) |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=17 December 2009 |archive-date=22 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091122083026/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/459648/Picunche |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="encina">{{Cite book |last1=Encina |first1=Francisco A. |author2=Leopoldo Castedo |title=Resumen de la Historia de Chile |edition=4th |location=Santiago |page=44 |volume=I |publisher=Zig-Zag  |year=1961 |url=http://img242.imageshack.us/img242/6293/chilenameuo6.jpg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205171400/http://img242.imageshack.us/img242/6293/chilenameuo6.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 February 2009 }}</ref> Another theory points to the similarity of the valley of the Aconcagua with that of the [[Casma Valley]] in Peru, where there was a town and valley named ''Chili''.<ref name="encina"/>

Other theories say Chile may derive its name from a [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] word meaning either 'ends of the earth' or 'sea gulls';<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://ea.grolier.com |title=Chile |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Americana |publisher=Grolier Online |year=2005 |access-date=2 March 2005 |quote=The name Chile is of Native American origin, meaning possibly 'ends of the earth' or simply 'sea gulls'. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020721154758/http://ea.grolier.com/ |archive-date=21 July 2002 |url-status=dead }}</ref> from the Mapuche word {{lang|arn|chilli}}, which may mean 'where the land ends'"<ref name="hudson">{{cite web |editor-last=Hudson |editor-first=Rex A. |url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cltoc.html |title=Chile: A Country Study |work=GPO for the Library of Congress |year=1995 |access-date=27 February 2005 |archive-date=25 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150625213643/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cltoc.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> or from the [[Quechua languages|Quechua]] ''chiri'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=chiri in English - Quechua-English Dictionary |url=https://glosbe.com/qu/en/chiri |website=Glosbe}}</ref> 'cold',<ref name="1911britannica">{{EB1911|wstitle=Chile |quote=derived, it is said, from the Quichua chiri, cold, or tchili, snow }}</ref> or {{lang|qu|tchili}}, meaning either 'snow'<ref name="1911britannica"/><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://es.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572974_4/Chile.html |title=Chile (república) |encyclopedia=Enciclopedia Microsoft Encarta Online |year=2005 |access-date=26 February 2005 |quote=The region was then known to its native population as Tchili, a Native American word meaning 'snow'. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510215421/http://es.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572974_4/Chile.html |archive-date=10 May 2008 }}</ref> or "the deepest point of the Earth".<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Pearson |first=Neale J. |url=http://gme.grolier.com |title=Chile |encyclopedia=Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia |publisher=Scholastic Library Publishing |year=2004 |access-date=2 March 2005 |quote=Chile's name comes from an Indian word, Tchili, meaning 'the deepest point of the Earth'. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990210101840/http://www.gme.grolier.com/ |archive-date=10 February 1999 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Another origin attributed to ''chilli'' is the onomatopoeic {{lang|arn|cheele-cheele}}—the Mapuche imitation of the warble of a bird locally known as [[yellow-winged blackbird|trile]].<ref name="hudson"/><ref>{{cite book |first1=Miguel |last1=de Olivares |last2=González |first2=SJ |chapter=Historia de la Compañía de Jesús en Chile |title=Colección de historiadores de Chile y documentos relativos a la historia nacional |year=1864 |orig-year=1736 |publisher=Imprenta del Ferrocarril |location=Santiago |volume=4 }}<!-- missing URL |access-date=14 October 2010--></ref>

The Spanish [[conquistadors]] heard about this name from the Incas, and the few survivors of [[Diego de Almagro]]'s first Spanish expedition south from Peru in 1535–36 called themselves the "men of Chilli".<ref name="hudson"/> Ultimately, Almagro is credited with the universalization of the name ''Chile'', after naming the [[Mapocho River|Mapocho]] valley as such.<ref name="encina"/> The older spelling "Chili" was in use in English until the early 20th century before switching to "Chile".<ref>{{cite book|title=Appletons' annual cyclopaedia and register of noteworthy events of the year: 1900 |publisher=Appletons |location=New York |page=87 |url=https://archive.org/stream/s3appletonsann05newyuoft#page/87/mode/1up }}</ref>