Editing Chicken (section)

== Nomenclature ==

Terms for chickens include:

* ''Biddy'': a chicken, or a newly hatched chicken<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/biddy |title=Definition of biddy |publisher=Dictionary.com |access-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507151125/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/biddy |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/biddy |title=Biddy definition and meaning |publisher=Collins English Dictionary|access-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507010137/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/biddy |url-status=live}}</ref>
* ''[[Capon]]'': a castrated or [[neutered]] male chicken{{efn|The surgical and chemical castration of chickens is now illegal in some parts of the world.}}
* ''[[Chick (young bird)|Chick]]'': a young chicken<ref>{{cite web |title=Chick |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/chick |url-status=live |publisher=Cambridge Dictionary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907132725/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/chick |archive-date=September 7, 2015 }}</ref>
* ''Chook'' {{IPAc-en|tʃ|ʊ|k}}: a chicken (Australia/New Zealand, informal)<ref>{{cite web |title=Chook |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/chook |url-status=live |access-date=March 4, 2021 |website=Cambridge Dictionary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907151220/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/chook |archive-date=September 7, 2015 }}</ref>
* ''Cock'': a fertile adult male chicken<ref>{{cite web |title=Cock |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/cock |url-status=live |access-date=March 4, 2021 |publisher=Cambridge Dictionary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907102240/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/cock |archive-date=September 7, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hen |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/cock |url-status=live |access-date=March 4, 2021 |publisher=Cambridge Dictionary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907102240/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/cock |archive-date=September 7, 2015 }}</ref> 
* ''Cockerel'': a young male chicken<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cockerel |title=Cockerel |publisher=Dictionary Reference |access-date=August 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307191527/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cockerel |archive-date=March 7, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''Hen'': an adult female chicken<ref>{{cite web |title=Hen noun |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hen |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=February 2, 2024}}</ref>
* ''Pullet'': a young female chicken less than a year old.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pullet |title=Pullet |publisher=Dictionary Reference |access-date=August 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109014624/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pullet |archive-date=November 9, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> In the poultry industry, a pullet is a sexually immature chicken less than 22 weeks of age.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Overview of the Poultry Industry |url=https://dese.mo.gov/sites/default/files/aged%20-PoultrySR.pdf |url-status=live |publisher=Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education |page=8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023230530/https://dese.mo.gov/sites/default/files/aged%20-PoultrySR.pdf |archive-date=October 23, 2020 }}</ref>
* ''Rooster'': a fertile adult male chicken, especially in North America. Originated in the 18th century, possibly as a euphemism to avoid the sexual connotation of the word ''cock''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of Rooster |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rooster |publisher=Merriam-Webster |access-date=March 6, 2021 |archive-date=April 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422030634/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rooster |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Rawson">[http://www.americanheritage.com/content/why-do-we-say-17 Hugh Rawson] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701144833/http://www.americanheritage.com/content/why-do-we-say-17 |date=July 1, 2017 }} "Why Do We Say...? Rooster", ''American Heritage'', August–September 2006.</ref><ref name="Online Etymology Dictionary">[https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=rooster Online Etymology Dictionary] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111222713/https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=rooster |date=November 11, 2020 }} Entry for ''rooster (n.)'', May 2019</ref> 
* ''Yardbird'': a chicken (southern United States, dialectal)<ref name="berhardt">{{cite book |last=Berhardt |first=Clyde E. B. |title=I Remember: Eighty Years of Black Entertainment, Big Bands |year=1986 |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Press]] |isbn=978-0-8122-8018-0 |oclc=12805260 |page=153}}</ref>

''Chicken'' can mean a ''chick'', and this was historically the meaning of the word chicken,<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2024 |title=chicken (n.) |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/2784909248  |access-date=February 14, 2025 |website=Oxford English Dictionary|doi=10.1093/OED/2784909248 }}</ref> as in [[William Shakespeare]]'s play ''[[Macbeth]]'', where [[Macduff (Macbeth)|Macduff]] laments the death of "all my pretty chickens and their dam".<ref>[[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare, William]], ''[[Macbeth]]'', Act 4 Scene 3, lines 217–229.</ref> The usage is preserved in placenames such as the [[Hen and Chicken Islands]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicken |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chicken |url-status=live |access-date=March 4, 2021 |website=Merriam Webster Dictionary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821163810/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chicken |archive-date=August 21, 2008 }}</ref> In older sources, and still often in trade and scientific contexts, chickens as a species are described as ''common fowl'' or ''domestic fowl''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Stevens |first=Lewis |title=Genetics and evolution of the domestic fowl |pages=11 and throughout |year=1991 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-40317-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S-DXqQ9UOmAC&dq=%22domestic+fowl%22&pg=PA11}}</ref>