Editing Cheswick, Pennsylvania (section)

==History==
Cheswick, named for a [[Cheswick, Northumberland|town in England]], is a small town of about {{convert|350|acre|m2}}. The history of the lands of Cheswick seems to have belonged to the Keen family at least in part, for Archie Pillow, or Pillar, as spelled in old records, inherited land from the Keen family. That land, in part, is where Cheswick is today. Archie's brother, George, once owned the second oldest house in the community. Thomas Pillow owned the land from Highland Avenue to the Harmar Township line.

The level land near the [[Allegheny River]] was used as farmland (Borland farm). Borland & Truck farms sold vegetables to [[Pittsburgh]] in the days of the canal. Barges and rafts of lumber were floated down the river to the steel mills. The men were fed by women who took baked goods out to the slow-moving barges in boats. In the days of the canal, wealthy families built great Victorian houses along the canal. Later, when the railroad bought out the right of way, the noise and dust became disturbing and many houses became run down and neglected.

Among the early names are Borland, Pillows, Macleans, Wilsons, Stewarts, Lemons, Albertsons, Buntings, Cummings, Shoops and Armstrongs. The Armstrong family lived in Acmetonia until after the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. One built the fine stone house next to the Cheswick Theater (which has since been demolished), and he served as postmaster in the borough.

Before the days of the railroad, a tavern was located where the former station would later be built. People traveling to Pittsburgh by carriage probably stopped for refreshment. The road between Pittsburgh and [[Freeport, Pennsylvania|Freeport]] was filled by farmers driving cattle to market in Pittsburgh, peddler wagons taking goods to country housewives, businessmen going to Pittsburgh, and officials going to court for the day. When the [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] was completed, the land was divided and sold in sections and lots. For a time, few were sold and growth was slow. The town name became Lincoln but had to be changed, for there were other communities by the same name. It was not until 1902 that the name Cheswick was adopted at the first council meeting. The streets were named for trees, such as Beech, Pine and Spruce. The President of the council was H. J. Hutchinson. The second ordinance dealt with the public health of the community. Houses, sewage, garbage, slaughterhouses were considered and fines stated. Later ordinances provided for paved streets and sidewalks.

One of the first industries was the Penwick [[Distillery]]. In a large brick building, the liquor was stored for years before it was sold. Several small factories were built, but coal, river sand and gravel were the most important. Many of the residents traveled by train each day to work in offices and stores. The Cheswick Fire Department was founded in the early 1900s.

In early times, the children went to school near Deer Creek in [[Harmar Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|Harmar Township]]. Later, a school was built on Pittsburgh Road not far from the site of the old Cheswick elementary school. The borough council met in the school building at that time, and all of its papers were kept there. In 1919, fire destroyed the interior of the old school, burning most of the records of the young borough of Cheswick. A newer and bigger Cheswick School was planned under the Allegheny Valley Joint Schools expansion program. Today, the old elementary school is part of the Cheswick Christian Academy.

The [[Presbyterian Church]] was originally part of the old church built in 1804 on the Denny farm. Around 1873, Mathew Maclean donated land for the Presbyterian Church, and it was built at a cost of $2,441.01 with a membership of seventeen. The Reverend James Boyd was an early minister of the Presbyterian faith who served the community.

One of the worst mining disasters in American history occurred at the [[Harwick Mine disaster]] in Cheswick on January 25, 1904. It killed an estimated 181 men.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://carnegiehero.org/about-the-fund/history/ |title=History / Carnegie Hero Fund Commission |work=History of Carnegie Hero Fund Commission |publisher=Carnegie Foundation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140524134054/http://carnegiehero.org/about-the-fund/history/ |archive-date=2014-05-24 |access-date=2014-12-24 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://jw-hartman.com/mifflintownship/newsletters/2004/2004-02.pdf |title=Cheswick Mine Disaster Growing |work=The Homestead News-Messenger |publisher=Homestead & Mifflin Township Historical Society |date=1904-01-26 |access-date=2014-12-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619225730/http://jw-hartman.com/mifflintownship/newsletters/2004/2004-02.pdf |archive-date=2015-06-19 }}</ref>