Editing Charles IX of Sweden (section)

==Early life==
[[File:Uppsala katedra 22.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Charles's parents as shown on their grave monument]]
Charles IX was born on 4 October 1550 at [[Tre Kronor Castle]] in Stockholm as the youngest son of King Gustav Vasa and Queen Margaret. He was educated in childhood by his private tutor Jean d'Herboville. Upon Gustav Vasa's death in 1560, Charles received a duchy that included most of [[Södermanland]] and [[Närke]], some parishes in [[Västmanland]], part of Vadsbo County in [[Västergötland]], and all of [[Värmland]]. According to Gustav Vasa's will, Dukes [[John III of Sweden|John (III)]] and Charles were to have a partially independent position as [[vassal]]s under their elder brother [[Erik XIV]]. After he was crowned king, however, in 1561 he had a [[Riksdag]] in [[Arboga]] decide to restrict the independence of the duchies, the so-called Arboga Articles.<ref>Lindkvist & Sjöberg 2009 pp 227 & 229</ref> At the age of 15, Charles participated in the [[Northern Seven Years' War]] where he commanded the [[artillery]] at the conquest of Varberg in 1565.